Constructivist

Theory
 Constructivism
-is a theory where the children
acquire knowledge by
constructing it from inside in
interaction with the environment-
not by internalizing it directly from
outside
7 CONTRIBUTORS
 Vicco- Knowledge is constructed by learners.
 Rousseau- All learning arises from an environment.
 Pestolazzi- Children absorb knowledge through their
sensory experience and learning only takes place by doing.
(learning by doing)
 Kant- Students actively construct knowledge by connecting
with their previous knowledge or schema.
 Dewey- Learners construct their own understanding or
knowledge using their prior knowledge or schema.
 Brunner- Children need assistance with their learning to
learn more or build from what they already know.
 Piaget- Children adapt to the world around them by
tapping the schema comprised of 3 process: Assimilation,
Accommodation and Equilibration.
4 BASIC PRINCIPLES
1. Knowledge consist of past construction or
prior knowledge or schema.
2. Construction take place via assimilation and
accommodation.
3. Learning is an organic process of invention-
rather than a mechanical process of
assimilation
4. Learning occurs through reflection and
cognitive conflict resolution.
6 PRINCIPLES OF CONSTRUCTIVIST PEDAGOGY/
TEACHING
1. Learning is development.
2. Energizing problems is posed.
3. Learning is structured around primary
concepts and big ideas.
4. Students viewpoints are searched and valued.
5. Adaptive curriculum addresses student
suppositions or beliefs.
6. Student learning assessment is based on
teaching context.
3 IMPORTANT, NOVEL POINTS
1. Cognitive development theory’s second
pre-operational stage is further
subdivided into a preconception
substage (ages 2-4) and intuition
substage (ages 4-6/7).
2. Individual needs/ Differences are
stressed.
3. Learners actively participate in meaning
construction or making.