WELCOME

MOUNT CARMEL COLLEGE OF TEACHER

EDUCATION FOR WOMEN

EDU 103 : DEVELOPMENTS AND RESOURCES

IN EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
(PRACTICAL)

TOPIC: DENGUE FEVER AND LEPTOSPIROSIS

SUBMITTED TO, SUBMITTED BY,

SR.BINDHUMOL T LINTA JOSEPH
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OPTIONAL SUBJECT: NATURAL SCIENCE
MOUNT CARMEL COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION FOR WOMEN MOUNT CARMEL COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION FOR WOMEN
 INTRODUCTION
Dengue fever and Leptospirosis are communicable
diseases. Communicable diseases resulting from
infection capable of being directly or indirectly
transmitted from man to man, animal to animal
from the environment like through air, dust, soil,
water, food etc. to man and to animal.
 Dengue fever

 Dengue is a mosquito-borne, viral infection

 Common name of this disease is ‘break-bone fever’

 It is transmitted to humans through bites from Aedes mosquito,

a day biting mosquito

 It cannot spread from one person to another

Aedes aegypti
 SYMPTOMS
 Fever: continuous for 3 to 7 days
 Severe headache
 Pain behind the eyes
 Joint and muscle pain
 Rash
 Nose or gum bleed

Children (milder) > Adults

Female (severe) > Male
 Causes
• It is caused by a virus called Dengue virus
• Four types of viruses were found (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, and DEN-4)
• Infection with one type provides life long immunity against that
type , but not against other type
• Theoretically, one person can suffer from Dengue 4 time in life
Transmission cycle of Dengue
Life cycle of a mosquito
 Treatment

Persons with dengue fever should take rest

Drink plenty of fluids

They should be kept away from mosquitoes for the
protection of the others
 Prevention
For protection against mosquitoes:
A) PREVENT MOSQUITO BREEDING
1) Environmental control
2) Chemical control
3) Biological control
b) PREVENT MOSQUITO BITES
A) PREVENT MOSQUITO BREEDING

1) Environmental control
1. Don’t allow water to remain
stagnant in and around your
house
2. Empty the room air coolers and
flower vases completely at least
once in a week
3. Make sure that tray below the
fridge also to be cleaned
4. Dispose off old containers tins
and tyres etc. properly
5. Keep the water tanks and water
containers tightly covered so that
the mosquitoes can not enter them
and start breeding
6. Keep the surroundings of your
house clean
7. Don’t litter garbage
8. Don’t allow wild herbs etc. to
grow around your house
2) Chemical control

1. TEMEPHOS an insecticide can be

used to kill larva in water
2. Put about two tablespoon of petrol
or kerosene oil in to 100 litres of
water (in the case, where it is
difficult to change water)
3) Biological control

Some types of small fish ( Guppy)which

eat mosquito larva, can be obtained
from local administrative bodies
 B) PREVENT MOSQUITO BITES.

1. Wear clothes which cover the body as

much as possible
2. Use wire mesh on windows and doors
3. Spray mosquito repellent sprays,
creams, etc. on your skin and clothes

`
4. Keep the patient under a mosquito net in the first 5-6 days
of the illness
Leptospirosis
Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease caused by bacteria
Leptospira (found in soil and water) which cause
septicemia, It is common in rats, dogs, pigs, and cattle.

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease (a disease

communicable from animals to humans under natural
conditions)

In man: it causes Weil’s disease

Invented by Adolf weil
 Symptoms
 Conjunctival suffusion
 Anuria or oliguria
 Jaundice
 Cough, and breathlessness
 Haemorrhages
 Meningeal irritation
 Cardiac failure
 Skin rash

Other common symptoms : nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea

If the bacteria infect some specific organs, there may be a
more severe reaction
These organs include:
Liver, kidneys, Lungs, Heart, brain
This reaction is known as Weil’s disease
 In rare cases, it can lead to organ failure and death
 Causes

1. Drinking or contact with water

such as,
 swimming
 rafting
 kayaking
2. Exposure to the soil that has been contaminated by urine or
body fluids of infected animals
Mode of transmission

1. Direct contact
2. Indirect contact
3. Droplet contact
 Treatment

Treated with antibiotics such as:

Doxycycline or penicillin
 Prevention

1. See a veterinarian to get vaccine for your pets

2. Avoid contact with animal urine or body fluids, especially if
there are any cuts or abrasion of the skin
3. Do not swim in ,walk in or swallow in contaminated water
4. Wear protective clothing or footwear when we contact with
soil or water
 conclusion
DISEASES CAN BE EASILY PREVENTED !
IT IS YOUR , MINE, AND
…………………….OUR RESPONSIBILITY
THANK YOU