MALOCCLUSION

By
UMAIMA AHMED
Roll. No. 79, 2nd Year BDS
 OCCLUSION
When the teeth in the mandibular arch come into contact with
those in the maxillary arch in any functional relation, are said to be
in ‘Occlusion’.
 MALOCCLUSION
A condition in which there is a deflection from the normal relation
of the teeth to other teeth in the same arch and/or to teeth in the
opposite arch.
DIAGNOSING & CLASSIFYING MALOCCLUSION

• Routine Dental Exams:

If malocclusion is detected, it will be classified by its type and

severity. Three major classes of malocclusion are:

1. Class I

2. Class II

3. Class III
DIAGNOSING & CLASSIFYING MALOCCLUSION

• Class I:

When the upper teeth overlaps the lower

teeth. In this type of malocclusion, the
bite is normal and the over lap is slight.

It is the most common classification of

malocclusion
DIAGNOSING & CLASSIFYING MALOCCLUSION

• Class II:

When the severe over-bite is present, this

condition known as retrognathism or
retrognathia.

The upper teeth and jaw significantly

overlap the lower jaw and teeth.
DIAGNOSING & CLASSIFYING MALOCCLUSION

• Class III:

When severe under-bite is present, this

condition is known as prognathism.

The lower jaw protrudes forward and this

causes the lower teeth to overlap the
upper teeth and jaw.
MALOCCLUSION INDEX

• Malocclusion is different entity to define because of wide

variation individual perception of what constitutes a malocclusion
problem.

• Many malocclusion indexes have been devised but none have

emerged as standard due to this problem.

• The Dental Asthetic Index (DAI) published in 1986 after years of

testing.
DENTAL AESTHETIC INDEX (DAI)

• The DAI makes objective measurements of aesthetic acceptability

a/c to social norms, for which it has been validate in a number of
different countries.

• The World Health Organization (WHO) suggests using DAI criteria

to record malocclusion in the following categories.
DAI Categories – Category 1
 DAI Categories – Category 2

Incisal Crowding
In Maxillary And
Mandibular
Anterior
Segments
DAI Categories – Category 3

Spacing in the
Maxillary and
Mandibular
Anterior
Segments
 DAI Categories – Category 4

Diastema
Between The Two
Maxillary Central
Incisors
 DAI Categories – Category 5

Irregularity in
four maxillary
anterior incisors.
(Rotation or
Displacement
from Normal
Alignment)
 DAI Categories – Category 6

Largest
Irregularity in the
front four
mandibular
anterior incisors
 DAI Categories – Category 7

Anterior Maxillary
and Mandibular
Overjet
 DAI Categories – Category 8

Vertical Anterior
Open Bite
 DAI Categories – Category 9

Anteroposterior
Molar Relation
REFERENCES

• Malocclusion- Dentistry Dental Practice and Community, Brain A. Burt, Stephen A.

Eklund
• Occlusion- Wheeler’s
THANK YOU