Filipino psychology

1H4
1H4
DUMALAOG, Charlene
DUMALAOG, Charlene
JIMENEZ, Danna Alyssa
JIMENEZ, Danna Alyssa
POLICARPIO, Justine
POLICARPIO, Justine
SOBREPENIA, Romaine
SOBREPENIA, Romaine
TORRES, Angelo
TORRES, Angelo
Filipino psychology, is defined as the psychology
rooted on the experience, ideas, and cultural
orientation of the Filipinos.
National Organization of Filipino Psychology

Was established in 1975 by Virgilio Enriquez

 4 Traditions in Filipino psychology

Academic Scientific Psychology

Academic Philosophic Psychology
Ethnic Psychology
Psycho-medical Religious Psychology

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Western Tradition: This follows the tradition of
Wilhelm Wundt in 1876 and is essentially the American-
oriented Western psychology being studied in the
Philippines.

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Western mTradition: This was started by priest-professors at the
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A University of Santo Tomas. This tradition is mainly focused on
what is called 'Rational psychology'.

Metaphysical discipline that attempted to

determine the nature of the human soul by
a priori reasoning.
 Et h
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This is the tradition on which Philippine psychology is
primarily based. This refers to the indigenous concepts that are
studied using indigenous psychological orientation and
methodologies.
PPSSYYCCHO- MED
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 The tradition that fuses native healing techniquesYand OLOGGYY
CHexplains
it in an indigenous religious context.
Core value or Kapwa
Ibang Tao ("outsider") There are five domains in this construct:
Pakikitungo: civility
Pakikisalamuha: act of mixing
Pakikilahok: act of joining
Pakikibagay: conformity
Pakikisama: being united with the group.
Hindi Ibang Tao ("one-of-us") There are three domains in this
construct:
Pakikipagpalagayang-loob: act of mutual trust
Pakikisangkot: act of joining others
Pakikipagkaisa: being one with others
 su rface val ues
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 Bahala Na: This attitude, loosely translated into English as
'fatalistic passiveness', actually describes the Filipino way of
life, in which, he is determined to do his best, hence the term
bahala na, which actually came from the phrase bathalan na,
meaning 'I will do all my best, let God take care of the rest'.
 Lakas ng Loob: This attitude is characterized by being
courageous in the midst of problems and uncertainties.
 Pakikibaka: Literally in English, it means concurrent clashes. It
refers to the ability of the Filipino to undertake revolutions and
uprisings against a common enemy.
 Societal values
Karangalan: Loosely translated to dignity, this actually refers to
what other people see in a person and how they use that
information to make a stand or judge about his/her worth.
Puri: the external aspect of dignity. May refer to how other people
judge a person of his/her worth.
Dangal: the internal aspect of dignity. May refer to how a person
judges his own worth.
Katarungan: Loosely translated to justice, this actually refers to
equity in giving rewards to a person.
Kalayaan: Freedom and mobility. Ironically, this may clash with
the less important value of pakikisama or pakikibagay
(conformity).
 Approaches and methods
Approaches and methods in Filipino Psychology are
different from that of Western Psychology. In Filipino
Psychology, the subjects, or participants, called kalahok,
are considered as equal in status to the researcher. The
participants are included in the research as a group, and
not as individuals - hence, an umpukan, or natural cluster,
is required to serve as the participants, per se. The
researcher is introduced to a natural cluster by a tulay
(bridge), who is a part of the umpukan and is a well-
respected man in the community.
Some of the many approaches and
methods used in Filipino Psychology are:
Pakikipagkuwentuhan: In this method, the researcher engages in a story-
telling with an umpukan. The researcher merely serves as the facilitator,
while the kalahok or participants are the one who are to talk. The term
kwento, from the Spanish word cuento, literally means 'to tell a story'.
Panunuluyan: In this method, the researcher stays in the home of his
kalahok or participant while he conducts the research with consent by
the host family, whose head serves as the tulay to an umpukan. The term
tuloy, which is the root word of the term panunuluyan, literally means
'to go in'.
Pagdadalaw-dalaw: In this method, the researcher occasionally visits
the house of his host or tulay, as opposed to staying in the house. The
term dalaw literally means 'visit'.
Pagtatanung-tanong: In this method, the researcher undergoes a kind of
questioning session with his kalahok or participants. In this method,
however, 'lead questions' (those questions which directly refer to the
topic being studied) are not supposed to be asked, instead the questions
to be asked are supposed to have been derived from the kalahok's
answers themselves. The word tanong literally means 'question'.
Pakikiramdam: In this approach, the researcher uses entirely his/her own
feelings or emotions to justify if his participants or kalahok are ready to
be part of his research or not. The term damdam literally means 'inner
perception of emotions'.
Pakapa-kapa: In this approach, the researcher uses 'groping', or a mixture
of feelings as well as circumstances, to justify his intrusion into the life
of his/her participants or kalahok. The term kapa literally means 'to grope
in the dark'
 psychopathology
Filipino psychopathology, or sikopatolohiya in Filipino,
from Spanish psicopatologia, is the study of abnormal
psychology in the Filipino context. Several 'mental'
disorders have been identified that can be found only in the
Philippines or in other nations with which Filipinos share
racial connections.
Filipino psychopathology also refers to the different
manifestations of mental disorders in Filipino people. One
example of such is the manifestation of depression and
schizophrenia in Filipinos, which are for the most part, less
violent.
Examples :
Amok: Malayan mood disorder, more aptly called 'Austronesian
Mood Disorder', in which a person suddenly loses control of
himself and goes into a killing frenzy, after which he/she
hallucinates and falls into a trance. After he/she wakes up, he has
absolutely no memory of the event.
Bangungot: A relatively common occurrence in which a person
suddenly loses control of his respiration and digestion, and falls
into a coma and ultimately to death. The person is believed to
dream of falling into a deep abyss at the onset of his death. This
syndrome has been repeatedly linked to Thailand's Brugada
syndrome and to the ingestion of rice. However, no such medical
ties have been proven.
Psycho-medicine
Filipino psychomedicine, or sikomedikal na sikolohiya in
Filipino, is the application of basic psychology to native
healing practices loosely considered as 'medicine'. These
practices are closely tied to the faith healers, as well as to
the native pagan priestesses like the babaylan or
katalonan, who were suppressed by the Spaniards during
their colonization of the Philippines
Examples :
Hilot: The use of massage to aid a pregnant mother in the delivery
of her child.
Kulam: The use of voodoo of a mambabarang to conjure up a
spell, which she is to recite while piercing the body of a ragdoll,
supposedly representing that of the person she is to cause sickness.
Lihi: An intense craving for something or someone during
pregnancy. Faith healers or manghihilot testify that if the craving is
not satisfied, abnormality of the child may result.
Pasma: A concept that explains how init (heat) and lamig (cold)
together can result in illness, especially rheumatism.
Susto: Soul-flight. Derived from Latin American traditions.
Pagtatawas: A method of diagnosing illness wherein alum (called tawas) is
ritualistically used by the albularyo or medicine man for diagnosis of a variety
of health conditions. The tawas is used to 'cross' (sign of the cross) the
forehead and other suspicious or ailing parts of the body as prayers are being
whispered (bulong or oracion). It is then placed on glowing embers, removed
when it starts to crack, then transferred to a small receptacle of water. As it
cools, its softened form spreads on the water surface and assumes a shape that
may suggest the cause of the illness, often one of several indigenous forces:
dwarfs, devils or other evil spirits (na-nuno, na-kulam, na-demonyo). The
water in the vehicle is then used to anoint the ailing part or parts of the body to
counteract the evil forces or illness. The tawas is then discarded and thrown
westward, preferably into the setting sun.
Usog: A concept that explains how a baby who has been greeted by a stranger
acquires a mysterious illness. Apparently derived from the Spanish tradition of
Mal de Ojo.
Gabâ or gabaa: The Cebuano concept of negative Karma.