Phase Changes

Obj:
-Students will know how a substances
changes from one state of matter to
another.
 Review
• States of matter
• Solid
– Substance that has definite shape and definite
volume
• Liquid
– Substance that has no definite shape but definite
volume.
• Gas
– Substance with no definite shape and no definite
volume
• Plasma
– Ionized gas where electrons are not bound to atoms.
States of Matter
 Phase Changes
• a phase change is a
reversible physical
change that occurs when
a substance changes
from one state of matter
to another.
• During an ideal phase
change, a substance
does not change
temperature.
– Ideal meaning the entire
substance is the same
temperature
– https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3zP9
Graph of a phases 3 phases of
water
120
Water Vapor

100

Vaporization
80

Water

60

40

Ice
20

Melting
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
 Solids and Liquids
• 1. Melting
– energy is added to
molecules until they
are no longer locked in
place.
– https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hz
wuTBx93uA

• 2. Freezing
– energy is released
until molecules are
drawn into an orderly
arrangement. (lattice)
– http://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=aC-KOYQsIvU
 Proposed and Theoretical States of Matter
• Amorphous solid
• Pick four from the list on the
– Glass
• Crystals with some degree of
left that you’re going to
disorder research.
• Liquid Crystal States • Give four defining descriptions
• Magnetically ordered of the four you choose.
• Bose-Einstein Condensate
– Your descriptions need to be in
• Superfluids
complete sentences and in your
• Fermionic Condensates
own words. Not plagiarized.
• Rydberg Molecules
• Quantum Hall states
• Give your MLA citiations of
• Strange Matter where you found your
• Quark Gluon information.
• Degenerate Matter
• Supersolid
• String-net Liquid
• Superglass • Your Matter Research needs to
• Jahn-Teller Metal be turned in.
 Quiz Review

1. Be able to describe the following:

– Hyopthesis
– Independent variable
– Dependent Variable
– Constant
– Control
2. What are the definitions of the following:
– a. Atom
– b. Element
– c. Molecule
– d. Compound
3. What are the sub-atomic particles that make up an atom? What is the general
location of them?
4. What is the periodic table?
5. Molecular formulas use chemical symbols and subscripts to identify the type of atoms
in a compound. What do the subscripts identify?
6. Describe the difference between a homogeneous mixture and a heterogeneous
mixture
7. Describe the difference between a suspension and a colloid.
8. Explain the four states of matter. How does energy effect the states that matter can be
in? How do you think pressure can effect the states that matter can be in?
9. What do you think the eight phase changes are? What state of matter is each phase
change associated with?
 Review
• Phase Change
– a phase change is a reversible physical change that occurs when a
substance changes from one state of matter to another.
• Melting
– energy is added to molecules until all molecules have enough energy to
overcome their attractions and are no longer locked in place.
• Freezing
– energy is released until molecules are drawn into an orderly
arrangement. (lattice)
• Vaporization
– Substance gains enough energy to escape into the atmosphere from it’s
parent source.
• Condensation
– Substance loses energy and begins combining with like molecules to
form a liquid.
 Phase Changes

Obj:
-Students will know how a substances
changes from one state of matter to
another.
 Liquids and Gases
• 3. Vaporization
– the phase change in
which a substance
changes from a liquid
to a gas.
– https://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=uixogc4FAMA

• 4. Condensation
– phase change in which
a substance changes
from a gas phase to a
liquid phase.
 Gas to Plasma
• 5. Ionization
– When a gas has
received enough energy
to have its electrons
stripped from it. Made
up of atomic nuclei and
free electrons.
• 6. De-ionization
– When a plasma has lost
energy to cause
electrons to recombine
with atomic nuclei.
– http://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=FcfWsj9OnsI
–
• 7. Sublimation
Others
– phase change in which a
substance changes from a
solid to a gas or vapor
without changing to a liquid
first.
– https://
www.youtube.com/watch
?v=JoH7sdCaa4g

• 8. Deposition
– phase change when a gas
or vapor changes directly
to a solid without going
through the liquid phase.
– https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v
=uazCu4r34Iw
 Quiz Review

1. Be able to describe the following:

– Hyopthesis
– Independent variable
– Dependent Variable
– Constant
– Control
2. What are the definitions of the following:
– a. Atom
– b. Element
– c. Molecule
– d. Compound
3. What are the sub-atomic particles that make up an atom? What is the general location of them?
4. What is the periodic table?
5. Molecular formulas use chemical symbols and subscripts to identify the type of atoms in a compound.
What do the subscripts identify?
6. Describe the difference between a homogeneous mixture and a heterogeneous mixture
7. Describe the difference between a suspension and a colloid.
8. Explain the four states of matter. How does energy effect the states that matter can be in? How do you
think pressure can effect the states that matter can be in?
9. What do you think the eight phase changes are? What state of matter is each phase change
associated with?
 Questions
1. What is a phase change?
2. Why are phase changes ‘reversible’?
3. Why do you think the overall temperature of a substance stays consistent
throughout a phase change?
4. Explain the progression of states of matter when energy is constantly
added.
5. Is it possible for a plasma to go directly into the solid phase? Word Bank
-Homogenous
6. Fill in the missing phase changes for the following diagram. -Heterogeneous
-volume
a. Use states of matter and the eight phase changes -mass
-solid
b. Give an example of each phase change -Liquid
-gas
______ -plasma
-melting
-freezing
-vaporization
-condensation
-ionization
______ -de-ionization
-sublimation
-deposition
-electron
-proton
-periodic table of
elements
______ _____ -phase change
-compound
-molecule
 Word
Ban k
-Homogenous
-Heterogeneous
-condensation
-volume -ionization
-mass
-solid -de-ionization
-Liquid
-gas
-sublimation
-plasma -deposition
-melting
-freezing -electron
-vaporization
-condensation
-proton
-ionization -periodic table of elements
-de-ionization
-sublimation -phase change
-deposition
-electron
-compound
-proton -molecule
-periodic table of elements
-phase change
-compound
-molecule
 Phase Change Project
Advanced 87—100%
-project includes all states of matter
-project includes all phase changes correctly labeled
-project includes all phase change and states of matter descriptions
-project is artistic and/or creative
-project is neat with no grammatical or spelling errors

Proficient 75—86%
-project includes all states of matter
-project includes all phase changes correctly labeled with some descriptions
-project is somewhat artistic and/or creative
-project has few grammatical or spelling errors

Basic 60—74%
-project includes all states of matter
-project includes all phase changes with some descriptions
-project shows no artistic/creative effort
-project has more than five grammatical or spelling errors

Incomplete
-Any project that does not meet one of the criteria above