IMPACT OF INFORMATION

TECHNOLOGY

• Submitted to:
• Miss. Arshpreet Submitted by:
Mani Bector
Sweeny Budhiraja
Pankaj Jindal
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
 Definition

• Information technology (IT) is "the study, design,

development, implementation, support or
management of computer-based
information systems, particularly software
applications and computer hardware", according to
the Information Technology Association of America
(ITAA).[1] IT deals with the use of electronic
computers and computer software to securely
convert, store, protect, process, transmit, input,
output, and retrieve information.
BENEFITS AND DRAWBACKS

DIFFERENT SECTORS
• Manufacturing,
• Industry,
• Commerce,
• Medicine,
• Home,
• Education
• Tele-working.
 Computers and Employment
• Has machinery displaced workers?
– Steam engine turbines – Industrial revolution.
– Factory workers and robotics.
• Have computers replaced workers?
• Have more jobs have been created by the
new technology (computerisation)?
• What has happened to clerical workers over
the last 20 years?
– How has their skills been lost/changed?
 The Changing Nature of
Employment
• What has happened to the Farm and Factory
workers?
• What is the Service industries?
• How does computers assist employment in the
Service industry?
– Consider: banking, travel, supermarket etc.
• Has computerisation given greater job
satisfaction?
– Consider: engineering, architecture, accounting
etc.
 Changing Locations of Work
• Where did the population move from/to
during the Industrial revolution?
• Where does data processing need to be
done, in the office or at the end of a
‘phone line?
– Consider British Airways and other
companies using call centres.
 Tele-working
• What is Tele-working?
• What are the benefits of Tele-working?
– Consider: commuting, working hours,
commitments, space saving, team-working in
a network.
• What are the problems with Tele-working?
– Consider: management, organisational
loyalty, separation of work with leisure time.
• Would you do any form of Tele-working?
– Consider doing school-work at home and e-
mailing it to your teacher.
 The Other Side
• What happens to older workers who may find
it difficult to re-train to adapt to the new
technology?
• What about people who try to ignore the new
technology?
• What can happen when people rely on
technology?
– Consider: back up systems for breakdown,
fault handling, natural accidents, malicious
damage.
 New Products and Services
• Will you need to understand and use
Information Technology?
• What are some of the new ICT products
available now?
– Consider: CD Rom, DVD, mobile ‘phones,
barcode scanning, Internet shopping.
Using ICT to Run a Small Business
• What could the following
software packages be
useful for?
– Spreadsheet
– Graphics
– Word Processing
– Desktop publishing
– Database
– Accounts
– E-mail
– Internet browser
 IT in Banking
• How is IT used in Banking?
– Consider: telephone banking, Internet
banking, ATM’s, Debit cards, Credit cards,
MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition)
e.g. cheque processing, Direct debiting, etc.
• How is IT used with a Store Card?
 Internet Shopping
• Web sites used for advertising have been
developed into a ‘virtual store’. What is a
virtual store?
• How can a virtual store help a business?
• What is another useful by-product that a web
site can collect?
– Consider a database of potential customers.
• What could a business do with this
information?
 Supermarkets
• Offer on-line shopping for customers unable to
get to the shop.
• What are the advantages for the shop?
• What are the advantages for the customer?
 Manufacturing

• How are computers used in manufacturing?

• Consider: order processing, stock reports
and replacement, progress tracking.
Project management – budgets, on-time.
 Medicine
• Give some example where computers are used
in the Health service?
– Consider: records, databases, computerised
medical devices, monitoring, expert systems
(diagnosis), surgery.
• What is an expert (knowledge-based) system?
– Consider: image capture and processing.
• What is robotic surgery?
– Consider: operations.
 Education
• Why are there so many computers in
schools?
• How do computers assist with teaching and
learning?
• What is an interactive teaching package?
• How should the Internet be used to assist
learning?
• How can computers help with distance
learning?
Can Computers Replace Teachers
• What can computers do that is better than
having a teacher?
– Consider: pace, repetition, patience,
consistency, cost effective.
• What can a teacher do that is better than a
computer?
 Dependence on IT
• How are individuals dependant on IT?
– Routine chores: money, shopping, holiday,
– Scanners and imaging systems,
– Traffic control, and car parking, motorway,
– Flood warning systems,
– Computer controlled braking, fuel, on cars,
– Personal use, data, accounts, education,
– Electrical devices in the home, washing machines,
video DVD players, microwaves, etc,
– Telephone lines for Internet communications.
• How are organisations dependant on IT?
• Consider the type of organisation:
– Supermarkets,
– Hospitals,
– The emergency services,
– Schools,
– Air traffic control.
• What would be the consequences of failure
on the organisations above?
THANKS
ANY QUERIES