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Topic 1 Introduction To Manufacturing System
Topic 1 Introduction To Manufacturing System
INTRODUCTION TO
MANUFACTURING SYSTEM
What Is Manufacturing?
Example 1.1
Incandescent Light Bulbs
• Components of a common incandescent light bulb
It is important
production research
Manufacturing as “ a
series of inter-related
activities and operations Quality
Planning
Assurance
involving :
Producing
Introduction
PRODUCTION
•Transformation of raw materials into products by a series
of energy applications, each of which affects well defined
changes in physicals/chemical characteristics of material.
•Making something new either tangible (products) or
intangible (services)
IMPORTANCE
Provides for basic means of human
1 existence
Its history spans over
several thousand years
and is spread over 2 Creates wealth for nations and
following THREE
Steps towards “human happiness and
important features: 3 world peace”
Introduction
PLANNING
IF
MF
RAW MANUFACTURING
PRODUCTS
MATERIAL MF PROCESS
IF
CONTROL
Introduction
Manufacturing Costs and Global Competition
• Manufacturing cost is about 40% of its selling price
• Total cost of manufacturing a product consists of:
1. Materials
2. Tooling
3. Fixed Costs
4. Capital
5. Labour
MASS PRODUCTION
BATCH PRODUCTION
JOB-LOT PRODUCTION
•MASS
(continuous)
•BATCH
Moderate
LOW •JOB-LOT
LOW HIGH
Manufacturing System
CLASSIFICATION OF BASIC MANUFACTURING
Mass-production :
1) produced continuously or intermittently at high volume for
considerable period of time
2) >100,000 parts per year
3) Industry sales volume is well established
4) Production rates are independent of individual orders
5) Machines usually incapable of performing operation on other
work
6) Common example: bottle caps, pencils, automobile, nuts, bolts
and washers
Manufacturing System
Moderate production:
1) produced in relatively large quantities, but the output may be
variable and more dependent on sales order
2) The machines likely will be multipurpose one
3) The parts produced may vary from 2500 to 100,000 per year
depending on complexity
Example of industry are more descriptive: printing of books,
aircraft compasses and radio transmitters
Manufacturing System
Job-lot production :
1) More flexible and their production is usually limited to lots
closely attuned to sales orders or expected sales
2) Production equipment is multipurpose
3) Employees may be more highly skilled, Performing various
tasks depending on part or assembly being made
4) Lot sizes customarily from 10 to 500 parts per lot, Quantity
depend on demand and order
Example, oil field valves, special meters or antique
automobile