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The Global Context of Business: Instructor Lecture Powerpoints
The Global Context of Business: Instructor Lecture Powerpoints
• Balance of Trade
– The total economic value of all the products that a country
exports minus the economic value of all the products that
it imports
• Trade Surplus
– A positive balance of trade that results when a country
exports more than it imports
• Trade Deficit
– A negative balance of trade that results when a country
imports more than it exports
© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Import-Export Balances (cont’d)
• Balance of Payments
– The flow of money into or out of a country
• The money that a country pays for imports and receives for
exports—its balance of trade—comprises much of its balance of
payments
• Exchange Rate
– The rate at which the currency of one nation can be
exchanged for that of another
• Fixed exchange rates
• Floating exchange rates
• Going International
– Gauging International Demand
• Foreign demand for a company’s product may be greater than, the
same as, or weaker than domestic demand
– Adapting to Customer Needs
• A firm must decide whether and how to adapt its products to meet
the special demands of foreign customers
– Outsourcing
• Paying suppliers and distributors to perform certain business
processes or to provide needed materials or services
– Offshoring
• Outsourcing to foreign countries
• Exporters
– Make products in one country to distribute and sell in
others
• Importers
– Buy products in foreign markets and bring them home for
resale
• International firms
– Conduct much of their business abroad and may maintain
overseas manufacturing facilities
• Multinational firms
– Design, produce, and market products in many nations
• Independent Agent
– A foreign individual or organization that represents an
exporter in foreign markets
• Licensing Arrangements (or Agreements)
– Domestic firms give foreign individuals or companies
exclusive rights to manufacture or market their products in
that market
• Branch Offices
– A firm sends its own managers to overseas branch offices
so that it will have more direct control than it does over
agents or license holders
Economic
Differences