This document discusses the anatomy and types of joints in the human body. It begins by defining a joint as the point where two or more bones connect. The main parts that form joints are bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons and muscles. There are several types of bones and several types of joints, including fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints. Synovial joints are further classified as hinge, pivot, ball-and-socket, saddle, condyloid and gliding joints. Specific examples of each type of joint are provided. Diagrams of the neck, shoulder, knee, hip and ankle joints are also included.
This document discusses the anatomy and types of joints in the human body. It begins by defining a joint as the point where two or more bones connect. The main parts that form joints are bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons and muscles. There are several types of bones and several types of joints, including fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints. Synovial joints are further classified as hinge, pivot, ball-and-socket, saddle, condyloid and gliding joints. Specific examples of each type of joint are provided. Diagrams of the neck, shoulder, knee, hip and ankle joints are also included.
This document discusses the anatomy and types of joints in the human body. It begins by defining a joint as the point where two or more bones connect. The main parts that form joints are bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons and muscles. There are several types of bones and several types of joints, including fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints. Synovial joints are further classified as hinge, pivot, ball-and-socket, saddle, condyloid and gliding joints. Specific examples of each type of joint are provided. Diagrams of the neck, shoulder, knee, hip and ankle joints are also included.
B.A.M.S. M.D Joint The point at which two or more bones are connected is called a joint. Bones, cartilage, muscle, ligaments, and tendons are involved in joint formation. Parts of joint Bones : Strongest part, form skeletal of body, lever for locomotion Cartilage: cover surface of bone which is involved in formation of joint Ligaments : it is strong elastic band of tissue connect one bone to other bone Tendons : Muscles are connected to the bone with the help of tough cord of tissue called tendon Muscle: give support & strength to joint. Flexion & extension of joints occurs due to contraction of muscle. Types of Bone Long Bones : e. g. femur Short Bones : e. g. carpal, tarsal Flat Bones : e. g. Scapula, Skull bones Irregular Bones : e.g vertebrae Sesamoid Bones : e.g. Patella Types of joints Fibrous joint (Immovable) : Joint only with ligament. E.g Skull Cartilaginous joint (Semi movable) : Joint with cartilage E. g. Spinal joints Synovial joint (Freely Movable) : Have Synovial capsule, membrane, fluid E. g. Knee joint Types of Synovial joint 1. Hinge joint : Flexion & Extension: E. g. Elbow & Knee Types of Synovial joint 1. Pivot joint : Rotation of bone around another bone : E. g. top of neck (atlas & axis bone) Types of Synovial joint Ball & socket joint: Flexion/Extension/Adduction/ Abduction/Internal & External Rotation : E. g. Shoulder & Hip Types of Synovial joint Saddle joint: Flexion/Extension/Adduction/ Abduction/Circumduction : CMC joint of the thumb Types of Synovial joint Condyloid : E. g. Wrist/MCP & MTP joints Types of Synovial joint Gliding : Gliding movements : E. g Intercarpal joints Neck Joint Shoulder Joint Knee Joint Hip Joint Ankle Joint