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Hyd Turbines Lecture Governing 1
Hyd Turbines Lecture Governing 1
Requirement
To maintain the rotational speed of the runner as
constant by controlling the water flow rate in-line
with the power requirement at the turbine shaft.
Major Components
1. Mechanical governor with proper linkages
2. Electrical / electronic sensors
3. Hydraulic force amplification system
Hydraulic Power Pack - pumps, relay cylinder
(hydraulic actuator, servo motor), pressure relief valve,
oil tank, filter, valves, etc.
Typical Governing System – Pelton Turbine
Hyd.
Pump
Governor
Shaft
Nozzle
Arrgt.
Slider
Fulcrum
Hyd.
Pump Hyd.
Pump
Oil
Filter
Oil Tank
Governor
Shaft
Nozzle
Arrgt.
Hyd.
Pump Hyd.
Pump
Oil
Filter
Oil Tank
Governor
Shaft
Nozzle
Arrgt.
Slider
Fulcrum
Hyd.
Pump Hyd.
Pump
Oil
Filter
Oil Tank
Hyd.
Pump
Governor
Shaft
Slider
Fulcrum
Oil Tank
Governor
Shaft
Hyd.
Pump Hyd.
Pump
Oil
Filter
Oil Tank
Governor
Shaft
Slider
Fulcrum
Hyd.
Pump Hyd.
Pump
Oil
Filter
Oil Tank
.
Guide vane at Design
Position = 12.21°
For a Kaplan turbine having the runner tip diameter of 4 m, water flow
rate = 60 m3/s, hydraulic efficiency = 90 %, mechanical efficiency = 94
%, boss diameter = 0.3 runner tip diameter, and the speed ratio = 2.0.
Assuming the discharge is free and there is no swirl at the outlet,
calculate the net available head on the turbine, power developed by the
turbine and the specific speed of the turbine.
Numerical
Water enters an axial flow turbine with an absolute tangential velocity
component of 10 m/s and leaves the rotor blade with no angular
momentum. The blade velocity is 36 m/s and the stagnation pressure
drop across the turbine is 4.2 bar, calculate the efficiency of the turbine.
1 0° Section
2 30° Section
3 90° Section
4 90°/60° Section
5 90°/90° Section
Geometrical Details
Area ratio (wo/wi) 2.0
Y
Aspect ratio (h/wi) 2.0
Radius of curvature 191 mm
Center line length 600 mm
X Longitudinal Direction
Y Radial Direction
Z Lateral Direction