Presented By

Intramantra Global Solution PVT LTD, Indore

http://intramantra.com

A Vision Ahead…
Outlines:-
 Introduction
 GSM System
 Circuit-Switch
 Packet-Switch
 GPRS
 Compare GPRS with GSM
 The functions of SGSN and GGSN
 The future of GPRS
 Conclusions
Introduction
 Internet is developed rapidly and includes
more and more information in recent years
 Peoples’ activity areas are not limited
 Cell phones are more convenient
 There are plenty of powerful information in
the Internet
 Using the mobility of the cell phone and
those valuable information in the Internet
GSM System
GSM System

 Voice communication
 Using Short Message Service (SMS) to
transmit data
 Using Circuit-Switch
 Disadvantages:
 The transmit speed is too slow (9.6 Kbps or 14.4 Kbps)
 No support of multimedia data: audio and video
 Low efficiency for bandwidth
 Too expensive to support multimedia services
Circuit-Switch
Packet-Switch
Burstiness comparison
GPRS (General Packed Radio Service)
 Advantages
 High bit rates
 4 code schemes (9.05Kbps ~ 21.4Kbps)
 8 channels (171.2Kbps)
 Using packet-switching and is more suitable for
bursty traffic
 Fast call setup time (always connected)
 Coexistence with GSM systems
 Using radio resource and network more flexible
 Counting the fees by the amount of data
 An important step to 3G
 GPRS provides two types of services:
PTP (Point-To-Point)
 Connectionless: IP
 Connection-oriented: X.25
PTM (Point-To-Multipoint)
 Multicast Service (PTM-M)
 Group Call Service (PTM-G)
Compare GPRS with GSM
 High-speed circuit-switch data (HSCSD)
 Giving a single user simultaneous access to multiple
channels
 The highest speed is up to 115.2 Kbps
 Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution (EDGE)
 Eight-phase-shift (8 PSK) modulation
 Every time slot can support up to 48 Kbps
 The highest speed is up to 384 Kbps
 40 times of GSM and 3 times of GPRS
Data Services Comparison
The Architecture of GSM
The Architecture of GPRS (cont.)
The Functions of SGSN and GGSN
 Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)
Admission control
Mobility management
Receiving and delivering the packets
Address translation and mapping
Encapsulation
 Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN)
The interface between GPRS network and
packet data network
Protocol Architecture
Protocol Architecture (cont.)

 Physical layer:
 RFL (Physical RF Layer) – modulation/demodulation
 PLL (Physical Link Layer) – error control 、 congestion
detect
 Data link layer:
 MAC (Medium Access Control) – slotted ALOHA
 RLC (Radio Link Control) – error correction
 LLC (Logical Link Control) – always connected
Protocol Architecture (cont.)

 GPRS supports interworking of MSs with X.25-,

IP-based networks by encapsulation and
decapsulation
 Between SGSN and MS, further encapsulation
is performed by SNDCP (SubNetwork-
Dependent Convergence Protocols)
 including: multiplexing 、 compression 、 segmentation
 The MAC is derived from a slotted reservation
ALOHA protocol, and operate between MS and
BTS
Three Kinds of Routing Examples
 GPRS is economical for the operators
 It is more popular in Europe
 People demand more mobile data access
 Its data rate is limited by the availability of
time slots
 The development of cell phones is slow
 The problem of junk mails
References:-

 A.A Samjani, “General Packet Radio Service (GPRS),”

IEEE Potentials, Volume: 21, April-May 2002.
 Internet Network Communication (Chinese), June 2001.
 www.3g-generation.com/gprs_and _edge.htm
 Michael Clever, “Mass Market Solution for Mobile Data,”
Telecommunications, June 1999.
 David Tade, “Evolving Wireless System: Choosing a
Migration Path,” Telecommunication, February 1999.