METODOLOGI PENELITIAN

Ir. Nurly Gofar, MSCE, PhD

Program Studi Teknik Sipil
Program Pascasarjana
Universitas Bina Darma
Sem Ganjil 2018/2019
 Sesi 3 , 4 , 5

Steps of Research
Step 1: Problem Formulation
Step 2: Literature Review
Step 3: Variables & Making Hypothesis
Steps of Research
Step 1: Problem Formulation
Step 2: Literature Review
Step 3:
Step 1 Problem Formulation
Define Research Gaps
Forming Research Questions / Develop
Hypotheses
Selection / Narrowing
Defining Research Gaps
The research GAP should be based on
•Personal (practical) experiences.
 Critical study of the literature.
 Interaction with others.
 Feasibility :
 Is the problem researchable (given the size, time and
capability?
 Is it worthwhile (contribution)
Definite Statement, examples:
The major focus of this research is to analyze …..
The central problem of this study is to predict …..
The principle goal of this study is to identify …..
Forming Research Questions
Good research questions have four
essential characteristics: feasible, clear,
significant & ethical.
Generally written in question form. The
question should:
• Guide subsequent work
• Influence information gathering
• Guide data analyses
• Influence the content of the writing
Features of researchable questions:
• Answerable : whether they
Thuswill develop
it focuses the
enough new knowledge efforts,
to justify the time,
minimizes false
effort and expense of investigating.
starts, save time and
• Not just one question! unnecessary work
• Defined operationally
Forming Research Questions
(Cont’d)
Possible approaches to construct research questions
• Examining or analyzing
• Evaluating or criticizing
• Comparing and contrasting
• Relating (establish relationships among ideas)
• Arguing or persuading (argue for or against
something)
Research Question, examples:
Is A related to B?
How are A and B related to C?
How A is related to B under condition C and D?
 Selection of Topic
 Interest:
 If you are not interested in the area you want to
research, what will the quality of the product be
like?
 By being interested, you are more likely to read
• Size:
widely on the topic and have more thorough
• knowledge
A problem ofis often too large when it is first
the situation.
considered.
• Further analysis can reduce large problem into a
 Economy:
smaller, manageable research problem.
 Research are often confronted with practical
constraints, not the least of which are time and
money.
 If your problem situation is macro in size, is it
possible for you to find the answers to your
question? Do you have enough time and money?
 Selection
 Capabilities and Limitations:
A researcher should not be too ambitious
and must recognize your own capabilities.
Wise, especially at prior planning stage to
seek advice from more experienced
persons.
If inexperienced in educational research,
 then it is highly likely that you will need
Uniqueness:
some guidance.
Findings from research should contribute to body of
knowledge already in existence, not merely duplicate
existing study.
However, to pursue a study similar to one already in
existence but change the methods used, or modify the
design, or use a different sample, or choose to perform
different statistical analyses.
Tugas untuk Sesi 3
Tentukan satu atau dua topik yang ingin
anda gunakan sebagai topik riset saudara.
Bicarakan dengan salah satu dosen untuk
mendapatkan pendapatnya apakah topik
tersebut feasible.
Tuliskan topik anda dan hasil diskusi
tersebut (maximum setengah halaman
kertas)