Arini Raudhatul Jannah : 162122086

Neng Asti : 162122123

Siti Nurmilah : 162122101
Syifa Asri Silviany : 162122120
 The SL word is preserved
 The words translated by their most common
meanings cultural words are translated literally
 The main use of this method is to understand the
mechanics of the SL or to construe a difficult text as
pre-translation process.
 The SL gramatical constructions are converted to
their nearest equivalents
 The lexical items are again translated out of the
context.
 It attempts to reproduce the precise contextual
meaning of the original within the constraints of the
TL grammatical structures
 It transfers degree of grammatical and lexical
deviation from the SL norms
 It atempts to be completely faithful to the intentions
and the text-realization of the SL writer.
 It must take more account of the aesthetic value of
the SL
 Compromising on meanings which are appropiate
 It doesn’t rally on cultural equivalence and make a
very small concessions.
 More flexible.
 It attempts to render extract contextual meaning of
the original in such a way that both language and
both content are radily acceptable and
comprehensible.
 It reproduces the messages of the original
 Tends to distort nuances of meaning preferring
colloquiaism and idioms
 Reproducing the matter without the manner
 Translate the context without the form of the
original
 It is (usually) a paraphrase that much longer than
the original.
 The freest
 The SL culture converted to TL culture
 The text is rewritten.

(Nenmark, 1988)
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Translation
6

0
Our understanding of the Culture, Context, and Grammar
 Service Translation
 Plain Prose Translation and Information Translation
 Cognitive translation and Information Translation
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