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Disain Jaringan Penukar Panas (Heat Exchanger Network Design)
Disain Jaringan Penukar Panas (Heat Exchanger Network Design)
Disain Jaringan Penukar Panas (Heat Exchanger Network Design)
Separator Design
HEN Design
Utility Design
Process design is strongly coupled with Heat
Exchanger Networks
Topics
The “pinch”
The design of HEN to meet Maximum
Energy Recovery (MER) targets
The use of the Problem Table to
systematically compute MER targets
Objective
Given data on hot and cold streams,
student should be able to:
Compute the pinch temperatures
Compute MER targets
Design a simple HEN to meet the MER
targets
Investasi versus Energi
Investasi vs Energi
Disain jaringan alat penukar panas berurusan
dengan persoalan berikut,
Disajikan persoalan:
• Aliran panas NH dgn Laju alir Kapasitas
panasnya akan didinginkan dari Suhu pasokan
THS menjadi Suhu capaian THT.
• Aliran dingin NC dgn Laju alir kapasitas
panasnya akan dipanaskan dari Suhu pasokan
TCS menjadi Suhu capaian TCT.
Investasi vs Energi
Tugas Disain:
Jaringan penukar panas optimum, hubungan
antara aliran panas dengan aliran dingin dan
antara aliran dengan sistem utilitas (furnace,
hot-oil, cooling water, refrigerant).
Kondisi Optimum?
Tawar menawar antara Biaya INVESTASI dan
Biaya ENERGI.
Contoh STEAM
PENDINGIN
T out T out T out
H H H
T in C T out
T in C T out
T in C T out
T in T in T in
Apakah jaringan meminimalkan biaya peralatan?
Contoh STEAM
PENDINGIN
T out T out T out
T in HE HE HE T out
T in HE HE HE T out
T in HE HE HE T out
T in T in T in
Apakah jaringan meminimalkan biaya energi?
Contoh STEAM
150o 150o 150o
PENDINGIN
100 100 100
CP = 1 300o 100 200o
TT TT = Suhu target
H = m x Cp x T
T
CP
CP = m x Cp = H/T (MW/oC)
H
H
∆T minimum
∆Tmin = beda suhu terkecil yang diizinkan
80o 70o
50o 40o
A B
Sistem manakah yang memiliki beda suhu
kecil dari 20o ? (jika ∆Tmin = 20o)
∆T minimum
20o 30o
80o 70o
50o 40o
10o 20o
A B
Tidak memenuhi aturan ∆Tmin = 20o
Beban Penukar Panas
30o T1 = 70o
Maka:
A = 12.000/(1,7 x 24,66) = 286,2 m2
Hmin = 10oC
T2
T1
H
∆H
T1
H
∆H1 ∆H2
Diagram Entalpi-Suhu
C
T
∆Tmin = 20o
QHmin H
∆Tmin
H
QCmin
Diagram Entalpi-Suhu
QHmin + X → QCmin + X
Correlation between Tmin, QHmin and QCmin
130oC
CP = 2+1=3
80 kW 150 kW 50 kW
Diagram Komposit
Diagram Komposit
HH,min = 54 kW
HCmin = 12 kW
HH,min = 54 kW
∆HCmin = 12 kW
Pinch Panas = 80oC
MER Target:
Pinch panas = 80oC
Pinch dingin = 60oC
QHmin = 54 kW
QCmin = 12 kW
Pinch Panas = 70oC
HCmin = 6 kW
Diagram Komposit
MER Target:
Pinch panas = 70oC
Pinch dingin = 60oC
QHmin = 48 kW
QCmin = 6 kW
Pinch
HH,min
“Pinch”
Tmin
HC,min
HH,min
Utilitas
Kurva Komposit Pemanas
Aliran Panas
“Pinch”
Tmin
HC,min