TRANSFORMER

CONSTRUCTION
 TRANSFORMER
MAINLY CONSIST OF

•WINDING
•CORE
•TANK
•INSULATIONS
•TRANSFORMER OIL
•BUSHINGS
•CONSERVATOR
•BREATHER
•COOLING OF TRANSFORMER
•BUCHHOLZ RELAY
•OIL LEVEL INDICATOR
•TEMP INDICATOR
 WINDINGS
• Types of transformer
windings are,
• CONCENTRIC
• SANDWICH
• Disc
• Cross over
• Helical
C
O
N
C
E
N
T
R
I
C

C
O
I
L
S
A
N
D
W
I
C
H

C
O
I
L
TYPES OF SANDWICHED COILS
CORE
TYPES OF CORE
 TANK
MADE OF
•STEEL AND
ALUMINIUM
(power and traction
transformers)
• MILD STEEL AND
ALUMINUM(BESIDE
power and traction
transformers)
 INSULATIONS
Dry type Transformers:
Varnish
Enamel
Large size Transformers:
Unimpregnated paper
Cloths
Immersed in Transformer oil – insulation & coolant
 TRANSFORMER OIL
TRANSFORMER OIL SHOULD HAVE
•INSULATING PROPERTY
•VISCOSITY
•PURITY
•SLUDGE FORMATION
•ACIDITY
•HIGH FLASH POINT AND FIRE POINT
 BUSHINGS

BUSHINGS CONSIST
OF
• INSULATOR
• ROD
CONSERVATOR
BREATHER
 COOLING OF TRANSFORMERS
Methods of cooling:
1. Air Natural (AN)-upto 1.5MVA
2. Air Blast (AB)
3. Oil natural (ON) – Upto 10 MVA
4. Oil Natural – Air Forced (ONAF)
5. Oil Forced– Air Natural (OFAN) – 30 MVA
6. Oil Forced– Air Forced (OFAF)
7. Oil Natural – Water Forced (ONWF) – Power plants
8. Oil Forced - Water Forced (OFWF) – Power plants
BUCHHOLZ RELAY
OIL LEVEL INDICATOR
TEMP INDICATOR
THREE PHASE TRANSFRMERS
THREE PHASE TRANSFRMERS(1)
THREE PHASE TRANSFRMERS(2)
 1917

• Large Westinghouse transformers from 1917

at the Hydro-power plant at Folsom, California