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Management Information System
Management Information System
INFORMATION SYSTEM
LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT
Top/Strategic Level
ESS-Executive
support system
Tactical /Management
MIS-Management information
level system
DSS-Decision support system
TSS-Transaction support
Operational information system
OAS-Office automation
system
KWS-Knowledge work
system
Executive support System:- Used by top level
Top/Strategic Level
management to make strategic decision by using internal &
external information.
ESS
Decision support system:-It is responsible for taking
decision under uncertain conditions .It collect data from
MIS ,TPS & external sources to reach at the best
alternative.
Management information system:-It basically deals with
internal level information. It retrieve information from TPS &
Tactical /Management
level then summarize the information to generate report.
MIS
DSS Knowledge work system:-Used by operational level
managers and require technical knowledge and expertise.
Office Automation system:-It involves storing data,
electronic transfer of data & information management of the
organization.
Operational information Transactional Processing system:-required at operational
TSS
OAS
Decision & support Provide decision support to lower Provide decision supports to
level managers tactical level manager
Decision support system:-
Decision means to “Cut off” or “Come to a conclusion”. More precisely decision
is a course of action consciously selected from available alternatives to achieve
the desired course of action.
According to Scott Morton:- DSS is an interactive computer based system
which help decision maker to utilize data and model to solve unstructured
problems.
It is an intelligent support system designed to provide information to Top and
middle level mangers to make decisions that require judgement and intuition.
It uses the sophisticated analysis and modeling tools
Comparison b/w MIS & DSS
MIS DSS
Decision & Provide information about the Provide decision support technique
support performance of the organization to analyse specific problem
/opportunities
Executive information system:-
•It is hybrid Information system of both MIS & DSS.
•Purpose of EIS is to provide the Top management with immediate and easy access
to information about the firms critical success factors.
•EIS provide the tailor made information to end user to serve their diverse needs.
•EIS uses the graphical method to represent the things so it stresses the graphical
user interface.
•It is a user friendly information system that lay emphasis on presentation summary
information and integration of internal and external information.
•ESS also stresses trend analysis and exception reporting.
Expert System:-
An Expert system is computer based information system in which knowledge is presented
data , in which processing of knowledge is directed primarily by computer programs.
Artificial intelligence + Information system= Expert system
It is the knowledge about a specific area to act as an expert system to the user.
It is not the replacement of human being rather they help them in using their expertise
more efficiently.
It has three components-Knowledge base, the inference engine and user inference.
It is used in the field of medicines, physical science and business.
Expert system employs human knowledge captured in a computer to solve problem that
ordinarily require human expertise.
These can be used by Non-experts to improve their problem solving abilities.
ES becomes a knowledgeable assistant to human expert .Such system can work better than
any single human being.
Office Automation System (OAS)
Office Automation system refers to the use of mechanical, electrical and electronic devices to
enhance communication in the workplace and increase the efficiency and productivity of the
knowledge workers and clerical workers . Office automation includes:-
1.Work processing:- it is the use of an electronic device that automatically perform many of
the tasks necessary to create the written documents such as letters, memos and reports that
are directed to the manager.
2.Electronic mail:- electronic mail popularly known as E-mail is the use of a networked
computer that allows user to send, store and receive messages using the computer terminals
and storage devices. It sends mail electronically from one computer to others.
3.Voice mail:- voice mail is just like electronic mail and performs storing ,accessing
,retrieving and distributing messages using the telephone.
4.Electronic calendaring:- it is the use of networked computer to store and retrieve a
manager’s appointment calendar.
5.Audio conferencing:- audio conferencing is the use of voice communication equipment to
establish an audio link between geographically dispersed person for conducting a conference.
6. Video conferencing:- video conferencing is the use of television equipment to link
geographically dispersed conference participants to engaged in face to face
communication. The equipment provides both the audio as well as video linkage.
7. Computer conferencing:- computer conferencing is the use of network computer
to all the members of a problem-solving team to exchange the information
concerning the problem being solved.
8. Facsimiles transmission:- facsimiles transmission popularly known as fax is the
transfer of written information by use of special equipment that can read a
document image at one end of communication channel and make a copy at the other
end.
9. Desktop publishing:- desktop publishing is the use of computer to prepare
output ,using software with sophisticated publishing capabilities.
10. Etc.
Questions:-
1.Define:- Management information system, transaction processing system,
decision support system, executive support system, expert system.
2.Evolution of MIS.
3.Characteristics/ objectives of MIS
4.Functions/role of MIS.
5.Advantages of MIS
6.Disadvantages of MIS
Thanks