Road Laws & Act

Malaysia:
Environmental Quality Act
• This act provides for the prevention, abatement,
and control of pollution through licensing, and
mandates the conducting of an Environmental
Assessment Report for proposed public and
private sector projects to determine and prevent or
prepare for the environmental consequences of the
project. It was brought into effect with the
implementation of a subsequent set of specific
regulations and laws.
 PURPOSE

• Prevention of the pollution

• Abatement pollution levels

• Controlling the pollution from continues

• Prepare for the environmental consequences

CONTENT

PART I
PRELIMINARY
PART II
ADMINISTRATION
PART III
LICENCES
 PART IV
PROHIBITION AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION

PART IVA
CONTROL OF SCHEDULED WASTES
Section
• 34B. Prohibition against placing, deposit, etc.,
of scheduled wastes
 PART V
APPEAL AND APPEAL
BOARD

PART VA
PAYMENT OF CESS AND
ENVIRONMENTAL
FUND

PART VI
MISCELLANEOUS
 Air Pollution
Restrictions on pollution of the Atmosphere
22. (1) No person shall, unless licensed, emit or discharge any
Environmentally hazardous substances, pollutants or wastes into
the atmosphere in contravention of the acceptable conditions
specified under section 21.
(2) Without limiting the generality of subsection (1), a person shall
be deemed to emit or discharge wastes into the atmosphere if—
(a) he places any matter in a place where it may be released into
the atmosphere; 26 Laws of Malaysia ACT 127
(b) he causes or permits the discharge of odours which by virtue of
their nature, concentration, volume or extent are obnoxious or
offensive;
(c) he burns any wastes of the trade, process or industry; or
(d) he uses any fuel burning equipment not equipped with any
device or control equipment required to be fitted to such
equipment.
(3) Any person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be
guilty of an offence and shall be liable to a fine not
exceeding one hundred thousand ringgit or to
imprisonment for a period not exceeding five years or
to both and to a further fine not exceeding one
thousand ringgit a day for every day that the offence is
continued after a notice by the Director General
requiring him to cease the act specified there in has
been served upon him.
 Sound Pollution
Restrictions on noise pollution

23. (1) No person shall, unless licensed, emit or cause or

permit to be emitted any noise greater in volume,
intensity or quality in contravention of the acceptable
conditions specified under section 21.
(2) Any person who contravenes subsection (1)
shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable
to a fine not exceeding one hundred thousand
ringgit or to imprisonment for a period not
exceeding five years or to both and to a further
fine not exceeding five hundred ringgit a day for
every day that the offence is continued after a
notice by the Director General requiring him to
cease the act specified therein has been served
upon him.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESMENT (EIA)

Research and development to identify, predict,

evaluate and disseminate information on the
environment of the proposed project and to work
out control measures prior (analyze) to a project
authorized or implemented.
 Air pollution
• Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals,
particulate matter, or biological materials that
cause harm or discomfort to humans or other
living organisms, or cause damage to the natural
environment or built environment, into
the atmosphere.
• Carbon monoxide : is a colourless, odorless,
non-irritating but very poisonous gas. It is a
product by incomplete combustion of fuel such
as natural gas, coal or wood. Vehicular exhaust
is a major source of carbon monoxide.
• Anthropogenic sources (human activity) mostly
related to burning different kinds of fuel
• "Stationary Sources" include smoke stacks
of power plants, manufacturing facilities
(factories) and waste incinerators, as well as
furnaces and other types of fuel-burning heating
devices
• The World Health Organization states that 2.4 million people die
each year from causes directly attributable to air pollution, with 1.5
million of these deaths attributable to indoor air pollution.
Epidemiological studies suggest that more than 500,000 Americans
die each year from cardiopulmonary disease linked to breathing fine
particle air pollution. A study by the University of Birmingham has
shown a strong correlation between pneumonia related deaths and air
pollution from motor vehicles. Worldwide more deaths per year are
linked to air pollution than to automobile accidents. Published in
2005 suggests that 310,000 Europeans die from air pollution
annually. Causes of deaths include aggravated asthma, emphysema,
lung and heart diseases, and respiratory allergies. The US
EPA estimates that a proposed set of changes in diesel
engine technology (Tier 2) could result in 12,000 fewer premature
mortalities, 15,000 fewer heart attacks, 6,000 fewer emergency
room visits by children with asthma, and 8,900 fewer respiratory-
related hospital admissions each year in the United States. Air
pollution is also emerging as a risk factor for stroke, particularly in
developing countries where pollutant levels are highest.
 noise pollution
• The source of most outdoor noise worldwide is
mainly construction and transportation systems,
including motor vehicle noise, aircraft noise
and rail noise. Poor urban planning may give
rise to noise pollution, since side-by-side
industrial and residential buildings can result in
noise pollution in the residential area.
 Human health

• Noise health effects are both health and behavioral

in nature. The unwanted sound is called noise.
This unwanted sound can damage physiological
and psychological health. Noise pollution can
cause annoyance and aggression, hypertension,
high stress levels, tinnitus, hearing loss, sleep
disturbances, and other harmful effects.
Furthermore, stress and hypertension are the
leading causes to health problems, where as
tinnitus can lead to forgetfulness, severe depression
and at times panic attacks.
 Wildlife health

• Noise can have a detrimental effect on animals,

increasing the risk of death by changing the
delicate balance in predator or prey detection and
avoidance, and interfering the use of the sounds in
communication especially in relation to
reproduction and in navigation. Acoustic
overexposure can lead to temporary or permanent
loss of hearing.
• An impact of noise on animal life is the reduction
of usable habitat that noisy areas may cause, which
in the case of endangered species may be part of
the path to extinction.
 Conclusion
• A major function of planners is to promote the best use
of a community’s land and resources for different
construction projects. Transportation projects typically
involve both environmental and economic issues facing a
community as it grows and changes. Considerations of
sustainability, as well as the widespread use of
collaborative planning, design, and construction, require
tools that facilitate long-term impact analysis and easy
communication among built-environment professionals.
Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is instrumental
for studying transportation project impacts, but it is a
time-consuming process because of the large number of
dependent and independent variables involved.