Name of group

Dina Julya
Sonia Apriliana
Nisa Hanifatul A

Explain about probability

 Probability
 Probability  Sample space
Probability could be interpreted as a way Set of all possible outcomes for an event. The
example :
that is done to find out the possibility of
an event. The sample space of a dice is S : {1,2,3,4,5,6} = 6
The sample space of a coin is S : (heads (H) and tails
 Experiment (T) = 2

An activity which give some of probability.  Outcome

The example : Throw the dice, and throw the Members from the sample of space or
coin. possible possibilities.
Simple point of a dice is
(1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6)
 Rules Of Enumeration

1. Counting Technique 2. Factorial

– If there are many ways to choose the – Factorial is the multiplication of
first element there are “M” ways. integers starting from 1 to n.

– And many ways to choose the – Factorial from n, you can write :
second element are “N” ways n! = 1 X 2 X 3 … X n
– Many ways to choose both of there – Example
elements at the same time there are 3! =
M X N ways 7! =
 Rules of Enumeration
3. Permutation
– Permutations state the number of
objects arranged by considering
location or size. Many
permutations (orders sequences) r
elements of n elements are :
𝑛!
𝑝𝑟𝑛 = (𝑛−𝑟)!
Example
 A motor cross organization wants
to determine the management as
chairman, secretary and treasurer
of 20 members. A lot of possible
management arrangements are…
 Types of Permutations
a. Permutation of n elements :
n! b. Permutation with equal elements
– Permutation with all of elements 𝑛!
–
𝑝!𝑞! 𝑟!
– Example :
– Example
 Six children a, b, c, d, e, and f will
 Many words that are formed from
take pictures in a row. The
the word WIYATA are…
number of ways to take picture if
b, c, and d, and must always be
side by side is ….
 Types of Permutations
c. Cyclic permutation 4. Combination
– (n – 1)! – Combination states the amount of complication of
objects by not paying attention to location or size. It
– Example seems that the combination of r elements from n
elements is :
 in a family consisting of father, mother, – 𝐶𝑟𝑛 =
𝑛!
𝑛−𝑟 !𝑟!
and 5 children, they will eat together
Read: n choose r
sitting around the round table. If the – Example
father and mother sit always side by  at an employee reception, an applicant must
side, there are many ways they sit work 6 out of 14 questions. Questions 1 to 3 must
be done. Many choices of questions to do are…
around the round table.
Chance of Occurrence

1.Explanation
2. Expected Value
– Possibility of occurrence of an event from
a set universe provided that – If A is the event in the sample spaces s
𝟎≤𝒑 𝑨 ≤𝟏 with the chance of p(A), the expected
Then 𝒑 𝑨 =
𝒏(𝑨) frequency of occurrence A from n times
𝒏(𝑺)
the experiment is
Certainty :
n(A) : number of possible occurrences of – E(A) = p(A).n
event A.
n(S) : number of all possible events.
 Probability of Occurrence
3. Compound event opportunities c.) Independent events
a.) Not mutually exclusive If an event does not affect another
if A and B are two events that are in the event.
sample space of S : 𝑷 𝑨 ∩ 𝑩 = 𝑷 𝑨 .𝑷 𝑩
opportunity of occurrence 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 𝑖𝑠 d.) Conditional event
𝑷 𝑨∪𝑩 =𝑷 𝑨 +𝑷 𝑩 −𝑷 𝑨∩𝑩
An event that states the chance of
b.) Mutually exclusive events
occurrence of event A after occurrence of B
The condition of this event is if there are
𝑷(𝑨 ∩ 𝑩)
no slices between 2 sets so that 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 = 0 𝑷 𝑨|𝑩 =
𝑷(𝑩)
So, 𝑷 𝑨 ∪ 𝑩 = 𝑷 𝑨 + 𝑷 𝑩
 Chance of Occurrence
e. Opportunity to complement an
event
If A and A’ are two mutually
complementary occurrences, the
chance of complement occurrence A
(written p(A’)) is
𝑷 𝑨′ = 𝟏 − 𝑷(𝑨)
Example :
1. Mister Amir will fishing In the fool which
contain 21 mujair fishes , 12 gold fishes
and 27 tawes fishes. Probability mister
Amir give gold fish for one times fishing
are…
2. Two dice are thrown together one time.
Probability of appearing the sum in the
dice are 5 and 7 are?
Thank You