BIOLOGY FORM 4

Chapter 3 : Movement of
Substances Across Plasma
Membrane
3.1 Movement of substances across plasma
membrane via passive and active transport
Learning outcomes:
Process of passive transport, active
transport and osmosis
Application of process of active
transport in living organisms
Compare and contrast passive
transport and active transport
 Facilitated
Passive Diffusion
transport
Transport Simple
Diffusion

Active
Osmosis
Transport
 Movement of substances Passive Transport
across plasma membrane
- Down the concentration
gradient
- Without expenditure of energy

Simple Diffusion Facilitated

Osmosis Diffusion

Transport protein
Net movement of water
Region of higher concentration
to lower concentration from higher
concentration region to
- Equilibrium achieved
lower concentration
region Pore protein Carrier protein

Phospholipid bilayer Phospholipid bilayer

Glucose, amino acids
Water soluble molecules and
ions
Fatty acids, glycerol,
Vitamin A,D,E, K
Simple Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated Diffusion
Active Transport
 Active Transport
 Movement of minerals or ions
 Lower concentration region to higher concentration region across
the gradient
 With the expenditure of energy (ATP)
 Carrier protein
 Passive Transport Similarities Active Transport
Both are mechanism of solute transport

Differences
Down the concentration Concentration gradient Against the concentration
gradient gradient

No expenditure of energy Cellular Energy Expenditure of energy

Dynamic equilibrium Outcome of process Accumulation or

achieved elimination of substances
from cell

Living cells/non-living cells Location Living cells

Activity 1 :
Role play
 3 to 4 members in a group
 Group A : Active Transport
Group B : Simple Diffusion & Osmosis
Group C : Facilitated Diffusion
Activity 2 :

Mind mapping
• Each students are required to summarize
today’s lesson into mind map concept
• Flow chart is accepted as well
Activity 3 :

Answering Topical Exercises

Experiment Report Writing