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Biostatistika EDIT
Biostatistika EDIT
Biostatistika EDIT
Analisis Statistika
Hadyana Sukandar
Materi :
Analisis Statistika
Hadyana Sukandar
Materi :
1. Dasar memilih analisis statistika
2. Analisis data
3. Variabel penelitian
4. Klasifikasi variabel
5. Skala pengukuran
6. Memahami analisis data (univariabel, bivariabel, multivariabel,
multivariat)
7. Analisis korelasi
8. Strategi analisis data
9. Menyajikan hasil penelitian
10. Praktikum analisis data (data entry, aplikasi statistik : deskriptif,
analitik dsb).
1. DASAR MEMILIH ANALISIS STATISTIKA :
• TUJUAN PENELITIAN
• DESAIN PENELITIAN
• JENIS DATA / SKALA PENGUKURAN
• DISTRIBUSI DATA
• DATA BERPASANGAN ATAU INDEPENDEN
• JUMLAH KELOMPOK/SAMPEL YANG
AKAN DIBANDINGKAN
• UKURAN / BESAR SAMPEL
2. Analisis data
3. Variabel penelitian
4. Klasifikasi variabel :
• Nominal
• Ordinal
• Interval
• Rasio
Sumber data : Primer, Sekunder, Tersier
Statistik yang cocok :
1. Penilaian ujian : A, B, C, D, E
: Nilai skor 70, 76, dst
2. Pendapatan keluarga/bulan
3. Tingkat pendidikan
4. Status gizi
5. Jenis pekerjaan
6. IQ
7. Produksi padi/Ha
8. APGAR skor
9. PH
Dependent and independent variable
The variable that is used to describe or measure
the problem under study is called the Dependent
Variable.
The variables that are used to describe or
measure the factors that are assumed to caused
or at least to influence the problem are called the
Independent Variable.
A variable that is associated with the problem
and with possible cause of the problem is a
potential Confounding variable.
Other factors
(confounding variables)
EXAMPLE :
QUESTIONS :
What are the dependent and independent
variable in the study ?
Which of these are categorical and which are
numerical variables ?
DATA ANALYSIS
Univariable (only one dependent variable)
Bivariable
Multivariable (more than one independent
variable)
Multivariate (more than one dependent variable)
Ukuran statistik kesehatan :
1. Rate (angka) misal rate kematian
2. Rasio : perbandingan dua angka (X/Y)
3. Proporsi : X/(X+Y)
Ukuran statistik :
a. Ukuran sentral tendensi :
- rata-rata
- median
- modus
- rata-rata yang ditimbang
- rata-rata logaritma
b. Ukuran variabilitas/dispersi :
- range
- standard deviasi
- varians
- koefisien variasi
Ukuran Frekuensi :
1. Rasio
2. Proporsi
3. Rate
Berdasarkan riwayat alamiah penyakit, kejadian penyakit
dapat dibedakan menjadi 2 jenis :
(1) Insidensi
(2) Prevalensi
Laju insidensi :
cohort studies
2. Intervention studies
Experimental studies and
Quasi experimental studies
Example (table 2 x 2) :
Disease
+ -
- A B A+ B
Exposure (risk II
factor)
C D
+ C+ D
Total A+ C B+D
n
III I
Study population
(sampling)
Sample population
(randomization)
Intervention/ No Intervention/
manipulation manipulation