Reference Words

XII IPS 1
Reference Words
• Reference words are those words in a passage
that refer back to concepts (words or phrase).
• Mentioned earlier in the passage or refer
forward to words or phrases that will be
introduced.
• We use reference words in English to avoid
repeating the same word.
The man paid the bill when the man received the man’s check.
The man paid the bill when the he received the his check.

SMAN 1 Jonggat is one of the big SMA in West Nusa Tenggara, SMAN 1
Jonggat’s students more than one thousand and SMAN 1 Jonggat
located at west area in Central Lombok.
 When we arrived at the park, I took Snowy near the pond. My Snowy
ran here and there and barked happily. In the afternoon, I fed him with
some snacks.
What does “him” refer to?

 In the afternoon, I fed him with some snacks. He loved them and asked
me for some more.
What does the word “them” refer to?
Link the pronoun to its correct reference word!
1. Most owners are very kind to their pets.
2. Mark found two stray cats and took them to the
vet for injection.
3. Last holiday Kim and I went to Wales. It is Kim’s
hometown. Her father took us to the barn with
many ponies.
4. I got a cute puppy for my birthday. I put it in a box.
5. I met my old friend, Sheila last Saturday. She had a
very cute cat. She took it with her to the park.
 List of reference words
Subject Object Possessive Demonstrative Indefinite Specified
Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Item

It It Its This One This concept

They Them Theirs That Some That dilemma

He Him His These Another These works

she Her hers those several Those ideas

 Model
Throught the year, chimpanzee food is quite varied, but it is mainly
vegetable material. At times, nowever, the Gombe park is loaded with
insects-termites, ants, caterpillars-and the chimpanzee will eat huge
number of them. The chimpanzees’ really remarkable behaviour appears
when the gather termites. According to Suzuki and van Lawick-Goodall,
when chimpanzees see that termites have pushed open their tunnels on
the surface, they will go off find a suitable termiting tool. It may look
simple but the job takes skill and patience.
1. The word “their” in line 6 refers to
a. The termites’
b. The tunnels’
c. The chimpanzees’
d. Suzuki’s and van Lawick-Goodall’s
2. The pronoun “they” in line 7 refer to..
a. Suzuki’s and van Lawick-Goodall’s
b. Termites
c. Tools
d. Chimpanzees
3. The pronoun “It” in line 7 refers to
a. A suitable termine tool
b. The job
c. Skill
d.patience
Dear Member,
The next meeting will be held on Thursday 14 January at 2.30pm. Agendas will be
distributed seven days before the meeting, and if you have not received it by the 10th
then you are asked to contact the Honorary Secretary.
Yours sincerely
Ethel Honywood Hon.
Secretary

“...and if you have not received it by the 10th ...”

The word ‘it’ refers to....
A. the distribution
B. the meeting
C. the agenda
D. the time
E. the day