CIE5005

Ground & Water Studies-2

Barr’s Equation & Tutorials
 Transitional Pipe Turbulence
 most pipes are neither completely ‘smooth’ nor completely rough and λ is
a function of both Re and pipe roughness.

 Colebrook-White Transition Formula

1  ks 2.51 
 - 2 log   
  3.7d Re  
 This equation covers the whole range or turbulent pipe
flow, ie smooth, rough and transitional
 Barr (1975) published another explicit formula for λ:-
1  ks 5.1286 
 - 2 log   0.89 
  3.7d Re 
 Hydraulic Research Station : Charts for the hydraulic
design of channels and pipes” in 1958
 dependant variables Q, d & hf/L are presented in a
series of charts for various kS values
 During a recent network calibration exercise the
head loss due to friction over an existing 220m
length of 150mm diameter pipe was calculated
to be 0.6m when the measured flowrate was 7.5
litres/sec. Estimate the pipe wall roughness ks.
Assume the coefficient of dynamic viscosity m for
water is 1.14 x 10-3 kg/ms.
 Ans:0.00225 m
 Re=55789
  =0.045
 V=0.424
 Water with a coefficient of dynamic viscosity of 1.0x10-3
kgm/sec, flows through a 225mm diameter pipeline at a
rate of 50 litres/sec. The pipeline is 530m long and has a
surface roughness ks of 0.9mm. Using Barr's equation,
determine a value for the Darcy friction factor and then
determine the friction head loss across the pipeline. If
the pipeline falls by 2m over its length, determine the
pressure change between the two ends of the pipeline.
 F – 0.0289
 Hf=5.5m
 P1-p2= 34.34 kn/m2
 An old water main, having a ks value of 1.5mm, has a
diameter of 150mm and is 800m in length. When the
flow rate Q is 17 litres/sec, the pressure recorded at the
inlet is 3 bar and the pressure recorded at the outlet is
1.851 bar. Determine the difference in the pipe levels at
the inlet and outlet. Take the coefficient of kinematic
viscosity n for water as 1.14 x 10-6 m2/sec.