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Nature Conservation BFC 10202: Part 7: Natural Disaster: Learning To Manage (Causes, Impact, Management)
Nature Conservation BFC 10202: Part 7: Natural Disaster: Learning To Manage (Causes, Impact, Management)
Nature Conservation BFC 10202: Part 7: Natural Disaster: Learning To Manage (Causes, Impact, Management)
NATURE CONSERVATION
BFC 10202
Part 7 : Natural disaster : Learning to
manage (causes, impact, management)
INTRODUCTION – Part 7
2012
2013
2014 :Cameron highland mudflood
Banjir Eastcoast of P. Malaysia
(Kelantan, Pahang, Terengganu)
2015 :Earthquake in Ranau Sabah
Mudflood in Mesilau, Kundasang, Sabah
2: CAUSES OF NATURAL
DISASTERS
a. Earth components
b. Earth Processes
c. Effects
a. Earth components
Mantle
(upper &
lower)
Core
(inner &
All components in dynamics
Theory of PLATE TECTONIC
Pacific plate
Cocos plate
Caribbean plate
Antarctic plate
Indian plate
Philippine plate
Main plates - continental
Moved sideways
Summary
2 – tremor or none
4.3 ~ I Hiroshima atomic Bomb
(20kilotonne of TNT)
8 - flatten a city (Lisbon 1755, Turkey
1999, Iran 2003)
9.5 ~ 66,000,000 Hiroshima atomic
bomb
12 will release energy sufficient to split
the earth!!!
Earthquakes
Formation of
volcanoes
along weak
points
Volcanic eruption
Japan 2011
New Zealand (Christchurch) 2010
Land slides
Trauma management
Children welfare
Psychological matters (stress
management)
Enhancement of impact or
escalating phenomena
When earthquake, volcanic eruption
enhances eg landslide
Summary
Reduction/
Mitigation
Recovery Preparedness
/Readiness
Response
R1 : REDUCTION/MITIGATION
Defn :
Identifying and analyzing long term risks to
human life and property from natural
and/or man-made disasters; taking steps
to eliminate these risks if practicable, an
if not, reducing the magnitude of their
impact and the likelihood of their
reccuring
REDUCTION/MITIGATION,
PREVENTION
Know your hazards and their potential impacts
(mapping out areas and analyzing potentials)
Identify methods to reduce impacts
Build “reduction” into long term planning
(infrastructure, build environment &
communities)
Support research and work closely with the
science community (local and international)
RISK REDUCTION/MITIGATION
Mitigation options :
Physical (eg flood protection – bunds,
pumps)
Legislation (approval process for
development in hazards areas, building,
health & safety)
Community (onwership and responsibility)
Reducing impact – 1.earthquakes
Defn :
Be decisive
Better to warn than delay
Ensure resources / facilities available for
evacuees
Be quick – others may communicate eg
media
Communicate when danger has pass
Activation
Structure – procedure/organizational
structure eg ; Coordinated Incident
Management System (CIMS)
Roles and responsibilities – first line
responder (eg police or fire brigade) to
Voluntary NGOs
Communications
Facilities – evacuation centre, fire
fighting eqipment etc
Clear command and control
Authority
Decision making capabiolity
Must know the big picture
Must know the full facts
Set expectation : reporting, meetings
Communications
Specific resources
Assessment of damage
Enhancing community resilience to
disaster
Community resilience
Defn :
Benefits :
Faster : readiness, response, recovery
Factors that enhance comm.
resilience
Cohesiveness of community
Sharing common belief; behaviour (norms); and
environment
Self reliance and sustainability
Viable and sustainable livelihoods from comm
and indiv perspective (higher quality of life, less
vulnerable)
Self and community awareness – ability of local
organizations to make themselves aware
Response system in Malaysia
The DIRECTIVE 20
Police
Fire and Rescue
Volunteers (RELA, JPAM)
NGOs
Readiness (Preparedness) –
personal level
Trained and made aware of nature and
impact of disaster
Protocol/SOP clear/training eg fire drill
(at home)
Community participation – build
resilience
Grab bag (individual level)
Multilateral framework and
declarations for disaster risk
reduction
Disaster loss arises when hazards
interact with physical, social, economic
and environmental vulnerabilities
Currently, international acknowledgment
that effort to reduce disaster risks must
be systematically integrated into policies,
plans and programme for sustainable
development and poverty reduction and
supported through bilateral, regional and
international cooperation (some already
Yokohama Strategy recognizes
gaps and challenges in 5 areas
Governance: organizational, legal &
policy framework
Risk identification, assessment,
monitoring and early warning
Knowledge management and education
Reducing underlying risk factors
Preparedness for effctive response and
recovery
Expected outcome of World
Conference on DR (2005-2015)
The substantial reduction of disaster
losses, in lives and in the social,
economic and environmental assets of
communities and countries
What we do – WE COORDINATE
Expected outcomes