Colloid Goiter

• Goiter. Any enlargement of the thyroid gland is

referred to as a goiter.
• Goiters may be diffuse, uninodular, or multinodular.
• The TSH-dependent nodules progress to become
autonomous.
• Familial goiters resulting from inherited deficiencies
in enzymes necessary for thyroid hormone
synthesis may be complete or partial
• Endemic goiter- refers to the occurrence of a goiter
in a significant proportion of individuals in a
particular geographic region.
• In the past, dietary iodine deficiency was the most
common cause of endemic goiter.
Clinical Features
• Most nontoxic goiters are asymptomatic
• Patients often complain of a pressure sensation in
the neck.
• As the goiters become very large, compressive
symptoms such as dyspnea and dysphagia ensue.
• Patients also describe having to clear their throats
frequently (catarrh).
• Dysphonia from RLN injury is rare, except when
malignancy is present.
• Pemberton’s sign—facial flushing and dilatation of
cervical veins upon raising the arms above the head
(Obstruction of venous return at the thoracic inlet
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