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The Guide To Preventive Service: Effectiveness of School-Based Pit and Fissure Sealants Delivery Program
The Guide To Preventive Service: Effectiveness of School-Based Pit and Fissure Sealants Delivery Program
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Page 1
History
Hyatt (1923)
eradicating pit and fissure replacing with
amalgam prophylactic odontotomy
Cueto and Buonocore (1955) introduce the
concept of enamel bonding
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Preventive procedure :
• water fluoridation,
• topical fluor application by professional
• reduction of fermentable carbohydrates in the
diet
• routine dental examinassions
• routine dental care
• daily removal of plaque from the teeth
reduced the incidence of tooth decay
pits and fissures remained vulnerable
Seal the pits and fissure with enamel bonding
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preventive dentistry.
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NIH (1983)
“Consensus Development Conference Statement
on Dental Sealants in the Prevention of Tooth
Decay.”
recommended the use of pit and fissure
sealants as a safe and effective method of
preventing pit and fissure decay
Article review (base evidence) :
positive dental experience it provides for
children placement of pit and fissure sealants
is painless and non-traumatic.
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Guideline for sealent use: recommendation
Prinsip-prinsip dan fakta ilmiah yang harus
mendasari pit dan fissure sealants dalam praktek
pribadi atau program kesehatan masyarakat:
1. Pencegahan lebih baik daripada perawatan
2. Pendekatan invasi minimal harus lebih
diutamakan intervensi sesederhana mungkin
3. Meminimalkan biaya pencehahan atau kontrol
pit dan fissure
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4. Strategi harus dibedakan program individual
(private) atau komunitas
5. Sealants adalah metode pencegahan karies
pada pit dan fissur yang aman dan efektif
6. Karies pit dan fissure dimulai ketika anak-anak
dan berlanjut sampai remaja dan dewasa
7. Sebagai tambahan dalam pencegahan karies
gigi sealent dapat menghentikan progresivitas
karies
8. Agar efektif diperlukan teknik aplikasi sealent
yang hati-hati kontrol kelembaban, cek
retensi tiap tahun
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Pertimbangan prosedur fissure sealent
• private perawatan kontinyu, diagnosis
comprehensive, pilihan perawatan
banyak
• Komunitas: school based sealent program
episodik primary dental care service
• Caries risk assesment
• Tooth morphology
• Caries history
• Family history
• Home care
• history of dental care
• eruption schedule (age)
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Areas of the tooth generally carious lesion occur
1. Pit and fissure :
occlusal surface posterior teeth, lingual pits of
maxillary incisors, buccal surfaces of mandibular
molars
2.Smooth and interproximal surface
buccal and lingual surface of anterior and posterior
teeth interproximal surface of all teeth below the
contact point
3.Rooth surface
4.Adjacent to or beneath an existing restoration
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Morfologi permukaan pit dan fissure
Indikasi
1. Tidak terbatas pada usia tertentu
2. Mempertimbangkan
tingkat resiko karies pasien: xerostomia, anatomi gigi,
akan menjalani perawatan orthodontik, menderita
karies ringan
3. Gigi 6 dan 7 paling rentan terhadap karies pit/fissure
4. Gigi molar desidui
Kontra Indikasi
1. Tidak semua gigi molar / premolar indikasi sealent →
pit dan fissure yang dangkal
2. Gigi dengan karies pada permukaan proksimal atau
oklusal yang sudah tampak jelas
3. Gigi yang baru erupsi sebagian, khususnya gigi molar
dengan operkulum → setelah erusi penuh
4. Pasien alergi bahan sealent (methacrylate)
1. Kaca mulut
2. Sonde (no 5)
3. Cotton pliers
4. Alat untuk isolasi
5. Saliva ejector
6. Syringe tips
7. Slow speed handpiece
8. Brush
9. Curing light
10. Articulating paper
7 langkah dasar
1. Tooth preparation
2. Isolation
3. Drying the tooth
4. Etching of the tooth
surface
5. Rinsing and drying of
tooth
6. Placement and
polymerization
7. Occlusal evaluation
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Penting diperhatikan
• Pemilihan cara untuk mendeteksi karies
tergantung pada kondisi klinis
• Identifikasi gigi sehat, tanpa lesi kavitas
target sealent
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Page 52
Recommendations for assessment of occlusal surfaces for
sealant placement in school-based sealant programs.
Rekomendasi Evidence
Pemeriksaan secara visual based on best available
evidence and expert opinion*
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Survey based data
USA
Th. 2000→ target: 50% anak 8-14 th : >1 sealed molar
23% anak kelas 2-3
20% anak kelas 8-9 → gigi M1 sealed → 2010
Bakteri, karies pada pit / fissure tidak berkembang
Simonsen (1991)→ 74% M1 bebas karies pit/fissure 15 th
Biaya ± 50% restorasi tumpatan