VERY HIGH FREQUENCY

OMNI DIRECTIONAL
RANGNE
4th PRESENTATION | 23 NOVEMBER 2018
 TOPICS:
O VOR BASICS

O INSTRUMENT (OBS, CDI,

TO/FROM FLAG)

O USAGE
 THREE PARTS TO RADIO
NAVIGATION EQUIPMENT
O A STATION – broadcasts the signal

O RECEIVER EQUIPMENT – receiver in the

aircraft that receives the signal and
interprets it.

O INSTRUMENT – instrument display inside

the cockpit
GROUND STATION
INSTRUMENT DISPLAY
THRE RECEIVER
 WHAT IS VOR?
is a type of short-range radio
navigation system for aircraft,
enabling aircraft with a receiving
unit to determine its position and
stay on course by receiving radio
signals transmitted by a network of
fixed ground radio beacons.
It uses frequencies in the very high
frequency (VHF) band from 108.00
to 117.95 MHz. Developed in
the United States beginning in
1937 and deployed by 1946, VOR
is the standard air navigational
system in the world,
VOR is the primary navigational aid
(NAVAID) used by civil aviation in the
National Airspace System (NAS). The
VOR ground station is oriented to
magnetic north and transmits azimuth
information to the aircraft, providing
360 courses TO or FROM the VOR
station.
HOW DOES IT WORK?
The VOR facility at ground base
transmits two signals at the same time.
One signal is constant in all directions
as a reference phase. Another signal, it
is variable-phase signal and it rotates
through 360 degrees, like the beam
from the lighthouse.
 FEATURES
VOR signals provide considerably
greater accuracy and reliability than
NDBs due to a combination of
factors. Most significant is that VOR
provides a bearing from the station
to the aircraft which does not vary
with wind or orientation of the
aircraft.
RADIALS VS. BEARING
RADIALS – are the signals that
broadcast out FROM the station and
are oriented toward the magnetic
north.

BEARING - are the signals that

broadcast out TO the station.
PARTS OF A VOR
O A : Rotating Course Card is calibrated
from 0 to 360 degrees, which
indicates the VOR bearing chosen as
the reference to fly by pilot.
O B : Omni Bearing Selector or OBS
knob , used to manually rotate the
course card to where the point to fly
to.
O C : TO-FROM indicator . The triangle
arrow will point UP when flying to the
VOR station. The arrow will point
DOWN when flying away from the VOR
station. A red flag replaces these TO-
FROM arrows when the VOR is beyond
reception range or the station is out.
O D : Course Deviation Indicator (CDI).
This needle moves left or right
indicating the direction to turn the
aircraft to return to course.
O DOT : The horizontal dots at center
are represent the aircraft away from
the course . Each dot represent 2
degrees deviate from desired course.
THANK YOU!