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Anaerobic Sludge Digester (ASD) : Ahmad Faris Bin Mohd Napi Muhd Baktiar Bin Razali Muhd Nasrun Bin Mohd Rosdi
Anaerobic Sludge Digester (ASD) : Ahmad Faris Bin Mohd Napi Muhd Baktiar Bin Razali Muhd Nasrun Bin Mohd Rosdi
Anaerobic Sludge Digester (ASD) : Ahmad Faris Bin Mohd Napi Muhd Baktiar Bin Razali Muhd Nasrun Bin Mohd Rosdi
(ASD)
Standard-rate
High-rate
Standard-Rate Digester:
In the standard-rate digestion process; the contents of digesters are usually
unheated and unmixed. Detention times for the standard-rate process vary
from 30 to 60 days.
They are usually carried out as a single-stage process. The functions of
digestion, sludge thickening, and supernatant formation are carried out
simultaneously. As a result of digestion, the sludge stratifies by forming a
supernatant layer above the digesting sludge and becomes more
mineralized. As a result of the stratification and the lack of mixing, not
more than 50% of the volume of a standard-rate single-stage digester is
used. Because of these limitations, the standard-rate process is used to
small installations.
High-Rate Digester
In the high-rate digestion process; the contents of digesters are heated and
typically 15 days or less with the exception of higher loading rates and
improved mixing, there are only a few difference between the primary
digester.
Two-stage digestion; frequently, a high-rate digester is coupled in series with a
second digestion tank. The first tank is used for digestion and is heated and
equipped wirh mixing facilities. The primary function of the second stage is to
separate the digested solids from the sopernatant, however additional digestion
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DESIGN CRITERIA THAT NEED TO BE CONSIDER
Design considerations are essential to efficient operation of anaerobic digesters
d) provision of gas utilization equipment that can handle foam must be a design
consideration.
e) the designer of an anaerobic digester system must think not only about the
anaerobic digester system, but also about the other systems within the plant
that will affect digester operation. For instance, if the plant receives hauled
waste, the waste should be stored and metered into the digesters rather than
being pumped at a high rate into the digester.
f) The digester complex must be compatible with other components of the
plant and the type of sludge being processed in the anaerobic digesters. \
g) The sludge must be properly blended before it enters the digester to assure
consistent solids concentration in the digester feed, and thus a more
consistent feed of volatile solids.
i) To ensure that all solids that enter the digester will leave the digester,
adequate mixing is necessary. Adequate mixing produces a uniform solids
concentration throughout the digester, which is important for the reduction
of volatile solids.
Alkalinity Concentration
Normal 2000-3500 mg/L
As Calcium Carbonate
Characteristics of Sludge
Reaching Anaerobic Digester
Average Extreme Extreme
Factors flow low flow high flow
Sludge production, kg/day 8,180 6,952a 8,681b
Solids concentration, % dry wt 6 8 4
Specific gravity 1.03 1.04 1.02
Average daily flow rate, m3/day 132 84 213c
Pumping rate into each digester 0.85d 0.85 0.85
during the pumping cycle
Influent temperature, °C 21 30
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Volatile solids fraction before digestion 0.71 0.71 0.71
PROCESS DESCRİPTİON
Anaerobic digestion is one of the oldest process used for the stabilization of
Checking the • Waste that has high solid content can clog the Daily
pump pump. Pumps must be checked as to prevent debris
from clogging the pump.
• Check that the duty air blower and any pumps are
operating satisfactorily and that no air diffusers are
blocked.
• Check the operation of the scum skimmer and
sludge return mechanism and clear any blockages at
inlet, transfer port or outlet.
MAINTENANCE DESCRIPTION FREQUENCY
Check Check that the dosage rate into the final effluent is daily
disinfectant satisfactory on a daily basis, by testing for a
dosage disinfectant residual. Ensure that an adequate
quantity of the disinfectant is available.
MAINTENANCE DESCRIPTION FREQUENCY
Iron packing Biogas produced by digester are sometimes being used Every 6 – 12
replacement to generate electricity but corrosive hydrogen sulfide months
must be removed by using Iron packing.
Valve leaks check Valves that are not functioning well must be replaced Every 6 – 12
months
Pipe leak check Pipe must be checked for leakage and no open flame Every 6 – 12
should be near inflow or outflow pipe lines months
Cleaning the • Clean the contact tank and remove any sludge Monthly
digester accumulation from the bottom of the tank
corrective maintenance
PROBLEM CORECTIVE ACTION
Heating:
• the excess water being pumped will • Control its temperature of heating of
increase heating costs. flame arrester
Gas production:
• gas production (methane) would be Check daily gas burner for proper flame.
reduced as the hydraulic overload
could lower temperatures reducing the
effectiveness of the methane formers
Supernatant:
• hydraulic overloading will increase the Drain daily the condensate traps
amount of supernatant volume that
must be returned to the head of the
treatment plant.
• this could cause an organic overload to
the secondary process reducing overall
treatment efficiency because it has a
high oxygen demand, high ammonia,
and is anaerobic
Safety considerations
during the
maintenance
✓ Practice careful personal cleanliness
✓ Require hard hats, boots, and gloves
✓ Ventilate all covered tanks
✓ Prohibit smoking around the plant
✓ Consider empty tanks as enclosed spaces and apply
the proper entry procedures
✓ Keep all hatches closed andsecured
✓ Keep tank areas well lighted
✓ Keep walkways clear to prevent falling
✓ Provide lockout protection for all electrical equipment,
gates or valves when working in empty tanks
Important!!!