PROSE

AND
POETRY
PROSE
 It is a literary piece which is
written in the pattern of ordinary
spoken language and within the
common flow of conversation.

 It is derived from the Latin word

prosa which means
‘straightforward’.
Division and Types of Prose

Fiction

Non-Fiction
Fiction
Literature
that tells stories which are
imagined by the writer.

a. Short Story – brief, artistic form

of prose which is centered on a
main incident.

b. Novel – a long written story

usually about imaginary
characters and events.
Non-Fiction
These are literary works that are based
mainly on facts rather than on the
imagination.

Essay – a composition with moderate

length, usually expository in nature.
Types of Essay
Formal Essay – deals with serious and
important topics
Informal Essay – deals with any
subject, even the ordinary
Critical Essay – seeks to analyze or
evaluate a literary work
Biographical essay – deals with the
personal life and achievement of a
person
Travelogue – informs others of
vicarious experiences in a given
place and time.
POETRY
It refers to those expressions in
verse, with measures, rhymes,
lines, stanzas and melodious tones.

Itcame from the Greek word

poiesis which means ‘making’.
Division and Types of Poetry

A. Lyric Poetry

Narrative Poetry

Dramatic Poetry
Lyric Poetry
A poem that has a speaker
presenting a state of mind or an
emotional state. It was meant to be
sung to the accompaniment of a
musical instrument known as lyre.
Types of Lyric Poetry
a. Song – short lyric poem which has a
specific melodious quality and is
intended to be sung
b. Sonnet – a poem being expressed in 14
lines with a formal rhyme (fixed pattern)
c. Elegy – a sad poem/song expressing
lament or grief for the dead. (prose -
eulogy)
d. Ode – a poem in which a person
expresses a strong feeling of love or
respect for someone or something
Narrative Poetry
A poem that describes a
sequence of connected events and
how a character works through a
plot. Includes a narrator.
Types of Narrative Poetry
a. Ballad – it is a poem that tells a story and
is meant to be sung. The poem uses a four
line stanza. Topics for poems often deal with
religious themes, love, tragedy, domestic
crimes, and political propaganda.
b. Metrical Romance – a long rambling love
story in verse which is centered around the
adventures of knights and lords, and their
royal ladies during the age of chivalry.
c. Epic – a long, majestic narrative poem
which tells the adventures of a traditional
hero and the development of a nation.
Drammatic Poetry
It has the elements that are closely
related to drama because it is written in
dramatic form or makes use of a
dramatic technique.
Types of Drammatic Poetry
a. Dramatic Monologue – . A poem in
which an imagined speaker addresses
a silent listener, usually not the reader.
b. Soliloquy – passage spoken by the
speaker in a poem of / by a
character in a play except that there
is no one present to hear him except
the audience or the reader.
c. Character Sketch – is a written piece
that is a person's personality and
behavior is presented in a theatrical