LEADING

 Is the use of influence to motivate

employees/subordinates to achieve
organizational goals.
 Managers encourage the employees to
live the company’s vision in their job
performance.
 They also ensure the employee
commitment to the organization.
 Leading is the process of influencing,
directing and motivating a group towards
the achievement of goals efficiently and
effectively.
 MOTIVATION

The willingness to work hard

to achieve certain goals.
People are motivated if
their efforts lead to
satisfaction of needs.
 HEIRARCHY OF NEEDS
According to psychologist Abraham Maslow, there exists
a hierarchy of five types of needs within a person. They
are:
 Physiological needs –survival needs, e.g. food, drink,
shelter, etc.;
 Safety needs –needs pertaining to security and
protection from threats;
 Social needs –the desire to affiliate with and accepted
by others;
 Esteem needs –desire to have positive self-image,
status, recognition and attention by others; and
 Self-actualization needs –desire to develop one’s
capabilities and achieve full potential.
 TRAITS OF A GOOD LEADER
Traits are the internal characteristics such as physical
(e.g. muscular), personality, skills, abilities and social
factors of a person. According to the trait theory of
leadership, good leaders possess the following traits:
•Drive –a high desire for achievement;
•Desire to lead –wants to influence and lead people;
•Honesty and integrity –is truthful and have high
consistency between word and deed;
•Self-confidence –absence of self-doubt;
•Intelligence –ability to create visions, solve problems
and make correct decisions; and
•Job-relevant knowledge –high degree of
knowledge about the business.