CHARLES K.

ALEXANDER F U N DAM E NTALS O F ELECTRIC

MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU CIRCUITS

McGraw-Hill 1 © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

CHARLES K. ALEXANDER F U N DAM E NTALS O F ELECTRIC
MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU CIRCUITS
Fig. 1.1 A simple electric circuit

McGraw-Hill 2 © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

CHARLES K. ALEXANDER F U N DAM E NTALS O F ELECTRIC
MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU CIRCUITS
Fig. 1.2 Electric circuit of radio receiver

McGraw-Hill 3 © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

CHARLES K. ALEXANDER F U N DAM E NTALS O F ELECTRIC
MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU CIRCUITS
Fig. 1.5 Conventional current flow

McGraw-Hill 4 © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

CHARLES K. ALEXANDER F U N DAM E NTALS O F ELECTRIC
MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU CIRCUITS
Fig. 1.8 Reference polarities for power using passive sign convention

McGraw-Hill 5 © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

CHARLES K. ALEXANDER F U N DAM E NTALS O F ELECTRIC
MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU CIRCUITS
Fig. 1.11 Symbols for independent voltage source

McGraw-Hill 6 © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

CHARLES K. ALEXANDER F U N DAM E NTALS O F ELECTRIC
MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU CIRCUITS
Fig. 1.12 Symbols for independent current source

McGraw-Hill 7 © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

CHARLES K. ALEXANDER F U N DAM E NTALS O F ELECTRIC
MATTHEW N.O. SADIKU CIRCUITS
Fig. 1.13 Symbols for a) dependent voltage sources b) dependent
current sources

McGraw-Hill 8 © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000