Deflection of Beam Using Finite

Element Method

Project Supervisor: Presented by:

Polash Pratim Dutta Mou Saha(MEB13039)
Nikimoni Das(MEB13045)
Arup Jyoti Barik (MEB13051)
 Finite Element Method

 It is a numerical method to solve differential and integral equations.

 In finite element method, region of interest is divided into a number of

elements.

 Differential equations are reduced to algebraic equations by using

appropriate approximations for the variables over the elements.

 This method has emerged as a versatile and powerful tool of computational

engineering.

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 Steps in Finite Element Method

Pre-processing Elemental equation Assembly

Post- Processing Solution Boundary conditions

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 ANSYS

 ANSYS is a general purpose software used to solve engineering problems.

 Multi disciplinary

 These problems may include static or dynamic structural analysis (both

linear and non-linear).

 It is of two types: Workbench , APDL. We have used APDL(ANSYS

Parametric Design Language) in our project.

 User friendly but geometry modification is bit difficult IN APDL and for any
smallest modification also, mesh and loading conditions must be cleared.

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 Element Type Used- BEAM188

 Line element used to create one dimensional idealisation of a 3-D structure.

 Most widely used beam element.

 Only lines can be meshed with this element.

 It has the following properties:

 Degree of freedom
 Material properties
 Special features
 Applications

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Fig1(a): A line beam meshed with six BEAM188 elements

Fig1(b): Elements in 3-D view

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I-BEAM

Fig.2 I- beam

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Wide Flange I- Beam

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 Dimensions of I-beam

SIDE VIEW FRONT VIEW

Fig.3 : Dimensions of I-beam

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 Load and Support Conditions

LOADS

Uniformly
Point load (10 KN) ON distributed load
(10 KN/m)
BEAMS
Simply supported Cantilever

Fig.4(a): Simply supported Beam Fig.4 (b):Cantilever Beam

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Contour Plots for Deflection

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 Simply supported (Point load)

Video1: Contour Plot for Deflection in y axis

Maximum deflection is obtained at the central node which is at
maximum distance from the two supports 11
Simply supported (Uniformly distributed load)

Video 2: Contour Plot for Deflection in y axis

Maximum deflection is obtained at the central node which is at

maximum distance from the two supports
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 Cantilever(Point load)

Fig.7: Contour Plot for Deflection in y axis

Maximum deflection is obtained at the end node which is at
maximum distance from the support
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Cantilever (Uniformly distributed load)

Fig.8: Contour Plot for Deflection in y axis

Maximum deflection is obtained at the end node which is at
maximum distance from the support
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 Chart for Maximum Deflection (ANSYS)

Deflection in µm

cantilever distributed load

7.57

cantilever point load

19.3
simply supported distributed 0.587
load deflection in µm
1.09
simply supported point load

0
5
10
15
20

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Formulae Used in Calculation

δ
 max 
Pl 3
48 EI
---(1)

5l 4
δ
 max 
384EI ---(2)

Fig.9: Maximum deflection formula 16

 δ  max 
Pl 3
3 EI
---(3)

l 4
δ
 max 
8 EI
---(4)

Fig.10: Maximum deflection formula

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 Deflection (Solid Mechanics)

SL.NO. SUPPORT LOAD DEFLECTION in µm

1 Simply supported Point load 1.06
2 Simply supported Uniformly 0.666
distributed load
3 Cantilever Point load 17.0
4 Cantilever Uniformly 6.39
distributed load

Table1: It shows value of deflection of beam under different support and load conditions

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 Comparison of Results

Sl. No. SUPPORT LOAD (N and DEFLECTION DEFLECTION

N/m) in µm (ANSYS) in µm (Solid
Mechanics)

1 Simply Point load 1.09 1.06

supported

2 Simply Uniformly 0.587 0.666

supported Distributed load

3 Cantilever Point load 19.3 17.0

4 Cantilever Uniformly 7.57 6.39

Distributed load

Table 2: Compares data obtained from two methods

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 LITERATURE REVIEW

 Finite Element Methods for Engineers by U.S Dixit

 Finite Element Applications by Dave Johnson

 Analysis of Mechanical Structures Using Beam Finite Element Method by

Fareh Hamrit, Brahim Necib, Zied Driss

 Finite Element Modelling of Steel Beams with Web Opening by Flavio

Rodrigues

 Wide Flange Shapes by JFE Steel Corporation

 Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL)

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 Sources of Figures

All the figures used are:

 Drawn with PAINT

 Snapshots taken by the Snipping Tool

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THANK YOU

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