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Graduation Project II
Graduation Project II
Graduation Project II
By:
1. Faraj Ghanem.
Under supervision of:
2. Mohammad Fahmawi.
Dr. Abdul Razzaq Touqan
3.Qais Khalil.
2017 1
1 Project description.
5 Preliminary Evaluation.
.
6 Frame analysis by direct design method
.
7 Three Dimensional Structural Analysis.
Mezzanine
First Floor
Basement 3
Tile (𝛾 = 26kN/𝑚3 )
4
The Codes used in this project are the following :
3 ASCE-7 (2010).
5
Super Impose
Dead Load
Live Load
Slab Own
Weight of
Brick Wall Weight
First Floor and Mezzanine (3 𝒌𝑵/𝒎𝟐 )
(3 𝒌𝑵/𝒎𝟐 )
First Floor
(3 𝒌𝑵/𝒎𝟐 ) (6. 𝟐𝟓 𝒌𝑵/𝒎𝟐 )
Classes Mezzanine
(3 𝒌𝑵/𝒎𝟐 ) (4 𝒌𝑵/𝒎𝟐 )
Roof
(2 𝒌𝑵/𝒎𝟐 ) Roof (2 𝒌𝑵/𝒎𝟐 )
6
Risk Category
7
SDS = 0.48
SD1= 0.32
SM1 =
S1 x FV =
SMS = 0.32
SS x Fa = Fv = 1.6 Seismic
0.48 Design
Importance
Fa = 1.2 Factor, Category
I = 1.25 (D)
SS =
2.5 x Z Site Class
= 0.4 (C)
Seismic
Zone
S1 = Factor,
1.25 x Z Z = 0.16
= 0.2
8
9
1a. Torsional Irregularity
1b. Extreme Torsional Irregularity
In x-direction :
10
1a. Torsional Irregularity
1b. Extreme Torsional Irregularity
In y-direction :
11
2.Reentrant Corner Irregularity
12
4. Out-of-Plane Offset Irregularity.
13
5. Nonparallel System Irregularity
14
1a. Stiffness-Soft Story Irregularity
15
In x-direction :
In y-direction :
16
2. Weight (Mass) Irregularity
𝑆𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑦 1 4604.51
= ∗ 100 % = 401%
𝑀𝑒𝑧𝑧𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑒 1145.92
𝑆𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑦 2 5283.92
= ∗ 100 % = 461%
𝑀𝑒𝑧𝑧𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑒 1145.92 17
3. Vertical Geometric Irregularity
19
After all the problems of irregularity in the building, a decision
was made to change the architectural shape in order to avoid
these.
20
The new plan for all stories
Area = 251.23 m2
21
22
Selected slab system:
23
Slab thickness calculated based on the
critical span
11.43
ℎ Solid = = 0.285 𝑚 , take it 300mm.
40
24
1 Beams distribution
25
2 Beams dimensions
26
In x-direction :
27
In y-direction :
28
1 Columns distribution
29
2 Dimension of column
Assume:
ρ = 0.01 ,So As = 0.01 Ag
3106.97× 103 = 0.65 × 0.8 (0.85 × 24 (𝐴𝑔 − 0.01 𝐴𝑔)
+ 420 × 0.01 𝐴𝑔)
𝑆𝑜, 𝐴𝑔 = 244914.91mm2
𝐴𝑔 = 494.88 mm.
Use a square column with 500mm x 500mm.
30
Shear wall distribution
31
Shear wall checks
0.8∗3.82 2
∅𝑃𝑛 = 0.7*0.55*24*0.25*9.96*1000(1-(( ) ) = 19650 kN.
32∗0.25
So Pu < ∅𝑃𝑛 … ok
33
34
Drawing structural
Structural system type
model
35
1 Drawing structural model
36
2 Compatibility
37
3 External equilibrium
Manual ETABS
Load type results (kN) results (kN) Difference %
Live 4430.28 4432.66 0.05
Dead 18229.76 18023.44 1.13
SD 5623.44 5627.01 0.06
Wall 2297.55 2297.99 0.02
38
4.a Internal equilibrium ( for frame )
Make a check on third floor slab for SD load (WSD = 4.5 kN/m2 )
By Hand:
From ETABS:
(172.5+172.2)
Mo = + 177.2 = 349.55 kN.m
2
By Hand:
P SD = 567.00 kN
Difference% = 5.6 % < 10 % then OK. 40
5.a Slab shear (V13)
1
ФVc = Ф ∗ ∗ f`c ∗ bw ∗ d
6
1 260
= 0.75 ∗ ∗ 24 ∗ 1000 ∗
6 1000
= 159.2 kN/m
Colors indicate that no shear value
in x-direction more than shear
capacity of slab.
41
5.a Slab shear (V23)
42
6 Fundamental period
Code:
Ta = Ct (hn)x
= 0.0466(17.84)0.9
= 0.623 sec
Upper limit of period = Cu*Ta
=1.4*0.623
= 0.872 sec
ETABS:
43
7 Structural system type
R=6
𝜴𝒐 = 2.5
Cd = 5
44
8 Base shear by ELM
By Hand:
V = Cs * W
Where: W: effective seismic wieght (Dead load
+ SD + Wall load) = 25948.41 kN
Cs : siesmic response coefficent = 0.10
V = 2594.84 kN
By ETABS:
V = 2505.95 kN
Difference % = 3 % OK
45
8 Mass participation ratio
ASCE7-10 states ” The analysis shall include a sufficient number of modes to obtain a combined modal mass
participation of at least 90 percent of actual mass in each of orthogonal horizontal directions of response considered
by the model”.
46
9 Base shear by Response Spectrum
47
9 Base shear by Response Spectrum
48
10 Slab deflection
49
11 Drift
In x-direction :
In y-direction :
50
51
Slabs
Beams
Shear walls
Design columns
Footings
Stairs
52
1 Slabs Design
The ultimate minimum moment in both direction X and Y
Flexural Capacity for slab:
𝑎 depth of slap (H)=300 mm
∅M = As × 𝑓𝑦 × (d − )
2
width of slap section (B)= 1000 mm.
Reinforcement Ratio of steel (𝜌):
2.61𝑀𝑢 effective depth of the slap (d) = 260 mm.
𝜌 = 0.85𝑓𝑐′𝐹𝑦 (1- 1− )
𝐵𝑑2 𝑓𝑐′
𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0018. As min = 0.0018 x 1000 x 300 = 540 mm2
54
Steel Detailing In x-direction
55
In y-direction :M22
56
Steel Detailing In y-direction
57
3 Steel Detailing
58
Columns distribution
59
Slenderness check
KLu M1
≤ 34 – 12
r M2
≤ 40
Where:
K: the effective length factor.
Lu: the unsupported height.
𝐼
r: the radius of gyration which equals to , where I is the moment of inertia and
𝐴
A is the area of the section.
M1: Smaller factored end moment on column.
M2: larger factored end moment on column. 60
Slenderness check
61
Reinforcement percentages
62
ACI requirements of columns
63
Summery of columns
64
Detailing of column group C-1
65
1 Beams Design
66
1 Beams Design
68
2 Beams Detailing
69
1 Shear wall design
70
For vertical shear reinforcement:
𝐴𝑙
= ρl × wall thickness = 0.0025 × 250 = 0.625 mm2 / mm.
𝑠
* S max = 450 mm.
𝐴𝑣 2∗78.5
= = 0.625 , So S = 251.2 mm, ok.
𝑠 𝑠
use 2Ф10/250mm.
71
For horizontal shear reinforcement:
𝐴𝑡
= ρt × wall thickness = 0.0025 × 250 = 0.625 mm2 / mm.
𝑠
S max = 450 mm.
𝐴𝑣 2∗78.5
= 2∗𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 = = 0.625, So S = 251.2 mm, ok.
𝑠 𝑠
use 2Ф10/250mm.
72
Special boundary elements check.
Special boundary elements are needed if the stress σ > 0.2 f'c
σ = 0.2 x 24= 4.8 MPa.
𝑃 𝑀𝐶
To compute stress from σ = +
𝐴 𝐼
Where:
𝑏ℎ3 250 × 99603
I: Moment of inertia equal = = 2.05 × 1013 mm2
12 12
.
For area of steel = Ф10/250 mm the
interaction diagram shown in the figure .
74
Mat
Footing
Single Combined
Footing Footing
Wall
Piles
Footing
75
Mat Footing was selected
76
77
Pressure under footing check
78
Punching shear check
2
ФVcp ≤ Ф ∗ 0.17(1 + β) f`c ∗ bo ∗ d
d∗αs
≤ Ф ∗ 0.083(2 + ) f`c ∗ bo ∗ d
bo
≤ Ф ∗ 0.333 ∗ f`c ∗ bo ∗ d
ФVcp = 2931 kN
Vup = Pu – A1 * σult
= 4104.3 – (1.27 *201.94)
= 3847.84 kN > 2931 kN, Not OK.
1
ФVc = Ф ∗ 6 ∗ f`c ∗ bw ∗ d
1 730
= 0.75 ∗ 6 ∗ 24 ∗ 1000 ∗ 1000
= 447 kN/m
80
Shear V23 check
81
Design mat footing (M11)
82
Design mat footing (M22)
83
Section A-A in mat footing
84
Check deflection
Check shear
Thickness of stair = 200 mm
Design moment
M max = 27 kN.m
85
Longitudinal section
86
Thank you