FUNDAMENTALS OF

SAFETY MANAGEMENT
EROS G. ZUÑIGA
 Fundamental Concept of Safety
Management
(1) Safety shall be built in the production
activity

Production
Activity
Safety
and
Health

Shall be built in a production

activity Consistently and
harmoniously from its Planning
to completion
 Production with Safety
 Production and Safety
Relationship between production,
quality and Safety

Production Quality Safety

They don’t restrain each other,

They cooperate with each other

“Accident and inefficiency grow up in

the same nursery”
 unsafe conditions
(Objects)
Standard situation (state or action to be)

Unsafe acts (Persons)

Accident potentials = Unsafe condition + Unsafe acts

 Future Level (Target)
Matters to be improved (obstructing elements)

Matters to be eliminated (Detected Problem)

Leveling the Safety and Health Management

 How to restrain the accident potential
For the object:
 To install the machines etc. in
compliance with the construction
code, standards etc.
 To implement the inspection activity
For the person:
 To set up the standard operation
procedures, safety rules etc. for various
kinds of operations.
 To make the worker observe these
procedure, rules etc. through education
and guidance
 Way of Safety and Health
Management (From type (a) to (b)

Analysis Improvement
Accident Of Of safety
causes management

(a) “Running after accident” type

Elimination Fullness of
Non
Of accident safety
accident
potential management

(b) “Taking in advance safety and health”

type
Don’t learn safety by accident

Accident Before
Accident Accident
Potential
occurrence

After accident
Cause
occurrence
(3) Safety management results in
enterprising profit.
Relationship between production and
safety (All industries)
year 1991 1996
Classification
Fatal accidents 1 1/3
Total casualities resting 4 1 1/3
days on more
Freguency rate for total 1 1/10
Casualities resting one Day (1995)
or More
Productivity 1 8
(1995)
 (4) The origin of safety management is
respect for human life.
Always keep in mind the respect for
human life
If people do so. They will not leave any
Potential hazard in the work place, even when
it is slight one.

Safety and health management originated from

this thinking.

If it is lacking, any safety measures are apt to

be done perfunctorily.
Three Prohibited words to be taken by
heart concerning accident potential

1. Working will end in short while

2. Being a slight one
3. We have not experienced any accident in
this operation or facility for a long time.

“ If people behave to pick up a dropped nail

immediately upon its finding no accident will
occur at the workplace concerned ”
 Way of Safety Management
For systematic promotion of safety and
health activity, the following matters shall be
considered:
1. To set up the safety policy by the top
management;
2. To make clear the responsibilities for
accident prevention;
3. To perform the peculiar duties perfectly
and to maintain close cooperation with
each other;
4. To frame and promote the accident
prevention program.
3. System for promotion of safety and
health program
Manager

Managerial
Advice, supply of
personnel
Information etc.

Staffs
Supervisory
Line personnel

Superintendents
 3. Problems seen in the latest situation of
accident occurrence.
(1) Old problems
(2) Same type of accidents are repeated
(3) The difference between the large scaled
enterprises and medium and small
scaled comes in the field of accident
prevention.
(4) High accident rates in the so called out
door labor typed industries
(2) New problems

 Occurrence of new type accidents with

the progress of production technique.
 Increase of the accident in the third
industry in connection with the progress of
the service economization.

 Insufficient safety and health

countermeasures
Safety Management in the Future

Establishment of Safety Assessment

Principle of Safety assessment
(1) To examine the new processes,
facilities, materials etc. from the
standpoint of safety and health at the
stage of planning of these new
projects.
(2) To eliminate the hazards or harmful
conditions by adopting alternative safe way
etc.
6 Steps of the safety assessment for chemical
plant

1st Step : Collection of the information concerned

2nd Step : Qualitative evaluation
3rd Step : Quantitative evaluation
4th Step : Examination of Countermeasures
5th Step : Evaluation for countermeasures based
on the information concerning
experienced accidents
6th Step : Reevaluation for countermeasures
using Fault Tree Analysis (F.T.A)
method
 4 Steps to promote the safety
management

Plan DO Check Action

(Enforcement) (Review) Improvement

 Table of the Contents of the Guidelines for
Occupational Safety and Health Management
Systems
(1) Purpose
(2) Definition
(3) Publication of Safety and Health Policies
(4) Identification of Risks, Hazards and
Countermeasures
(5) Adoption of Safety and Health Targets
(6) Formulation of a Safety and Health Plan
(7) Incorporation of Workers’ Opinion in
Safety and Health Measures
(08) Implementation and Operation of
Safety and Health Plans
(09) Establishing an Organization
(10) Documentation
(11) Emergency Situations
(12) Routine Inspections, Improvements,
etc.
(13) System Audits
(14) Records
(15) Revisions to OSHMS