REDEVELOPMENT IN MUMBAI

EVOLUTION OF MUMBAI

Mumbai is a mega city on the west coast of India

In 1947 Mumbai’s population was 4 million

An increase of more than 8 million people have

occurred due to internal migration - more than
half of that increase occurring between 1960-
1970

The population density is estimated to be about

22,000 persons per square kilometre

There’s been an increase in IT and financial

services recently.

Mumbai is a major media centre for India and is

one of the largest in the world.
CAUSE OF URBAN GROWTH

The diagram tells the story of

Formal development of mumbai.
A rapid amount of people are drawn in from the
countryside due to work being so varied from highly
The transformation of 7 island
skilled jobs to practical work and people believe they
Of bombay to mumbai.This
will have better life chances in the city.
development began in late 18th
century primarily under british
In 1970 a plan was introduced to move the port, market
influence as bombay become an
and Industrial function out of old city to new city.
important port.
the plan was partially succesful but problem in some
places Has to be sorted.

More than 600000 lived in slum and the idea was to

move the housing and people will be rehoused in
temperary
accommodation.

The two storey home replaced by seven story so that it

can house more people.those who can prove they have
been live in
Slums since 1995 will receive free accommodation.

The new building will have to have infrastructure

,including
Roads , water , drainage , industrial estate, etc.
INTRODUCTION
• The present trends of development in the city of Mumbai
are scary and yet Seem to be only the start of the reckless
redevelopment model endorsed by the Government.

• There seems to be a sudden hue and cry from owners and

occupiers of houses and areas that have been declared
'heritage’.

• Many political parties are complaining that they do not

want the 'heritage tag' and that their property should be
de-listed. Before jumping to conclusions facts should be
considered.

• Our forefathers who planned the city of Mumbai thought

about the future of the city while developing different areas.

• Until and unless we can design a better future for the city,
we must protect and conserve what we have inherited;
hence the conservation that we undertake today is a tool to
secure this inheritance.

• In the next five years in Mumbai, we shall be seeing

more re-development with no proper planning and no
parallel infrastructure up-gradation Which will affect
the Quality life of citizens.
 BASED ON THE REQUIREMENTS, GOVERNMENT HAS INTRODUCED VARIOUS
REDEVELOPMENT SCHEMES WHICH ARE AS FOLLOWS

1 2 3

Section 32 of the development control

regulations for greater bombay, 1991
Deals with floor space indices and
tenement density in residential,
Industrial And commercial zones.
The self redevelopment Where the Slum Rehabilitation,a Government of
residents plan out The development Maharashtra decided to redevelop
Dharavi as an integrated planned
by themselves is in momentum in mumbai . township.
• REALITIES OF REDEVELOPMENT IN MUMBAI:
• A) REDUCED QUALITY OF LIFE FOR ALL: It is seen that
people residing in many streets abutting heritage buildings,
and who never owned any vehicles but in new redeveloped
sites following the generic law where parking is free results
in multi storeyed car park in podiums,but these are later
sold at a premium. The podium disconnects the building
with ground and street level which was the character of the
area and allows individual buildings to sell flats easily as it
raises average precinct height by 4 floors or so and allows
for good views of the city in its high rise.
• B) UNAFFORDABLE MAINTENANCE COSTS LEADS TO
DISPLACEMENT: The maintenance of these redeveloped
properties are so high that the tenant who was housed in
the old building finds it difficult to stay in the new
properties, being used to merge rents enforced through the
Rent Control Act .
• C) INCREASED LOAD ON SAME PUBLIC AMENITIES: In
areas that undergo redevelopment, as the amenities and
infrastructure of the area is not similarly increased to keep
up with the increased number of people using this, this puts
a strain on these shared amenities, leading to even further
reduction in the quality of life.
• D) NEED TO ADOPT REPAIR, RATHER THAN
RECONSTRUCTION: If we chose to repair a building, this is
usually always more economical, while also retaining the
people in the building in their original location as they then
do not shift (permanently or temporarily).
• F) CONSERVATION NEEDS INCENTIVES, JUST AS
REDEVELOPMENT HAS INCENTIVES: To encourage
conservation, the government should focus on policies that
encourage repairs. In presence of existing policies such as
the Rent Control Act that disadvantage landlords from
maintaining a building, to encourage repairs, incentives in
the form of additional marginal FSI or TDR of say 0.17 should
be allowed to the owner, provided he and the tenants
together come forward for professional repairs and with an
undertaking of looking after the building for 2 decades till
the new master plan for the city is being prepared.
• G) OTHER INCENTIVES: Some other incentives that the
government can consider to encourage repairs over
reconstruction is to limit the increase in lease rent to only 50
per cent for repaired properties, as compared to the 100 per
cent increase for redeveloped properties. Property taxes
should also be reduced to 50 per cent to encourage repairs
and restoration.
• H) NEW REDEVELOPMENT OF THE RECENT PAST THAT HAS
DESTROYED MUMBAI'S URBAN FABRIC CAN STILL BE
ERASED: Recent redevelopment that has happened in
Mumbai has all involved the demolition of existing
structures and the reconstruction of new buildings.
• I) TRAFFIC / CAR PARKING: Blindly providing car parks
based on numbers is not the solution to solving parking
problems. Traffic management is the solution that has been
successfully adopted worldwide, and this involves
discouraging use of private vehicles and parking.
• Dharavi is a slum and administrative ward, over
parts of Sion, Bandra, Kurla and Kalina
suburbs of Mumbai, India. It is sandwiched
between Mahim in the west and Sion in the
east, and spread over an area of 175 hectares,
or 0.67 square miles (1.7 km2). In 1986, the
population was estimated at 530,225, but
modern Dharavi has a population of between
600,000 and over 1 million people. Dharavi is
one of the largest slums in the world.

• In most large cities, the floor space index (FSI)

varies from 5 to 15 in the Central Business
District (CBD) to about 0.5, or below, in the
suburbs. In Mumbai the permitted FSI is
uniform and in 1991 was fixed at 1.33. The
regulations that restrict the FSI greatly reduce
the floor space available for residence and
business.
 Redevelopment plans

• In 2004 , the cost of redevelopment

Was estimated to be rs 5000 crore.

• The plan involves the construction of 30,000,000 square

feet (2,800,000 m2) of housing, schools, parks and roads to
serve the 57,000 families residing in the area, along with
40,000,000 square feet (3,700,000 m2) of residential and
commercial space for sale.
• There has been significant local opposition to the plans,
largely because existing residents are due to receive only
225 square feet (20.9 m2) of land each. Furthermore, only
those families who lived in the area before 2000 are slated
for resettlement.
• Concerns have also been raised by residents who fear that
some of their small businesses in the "informal" sector may
not be relocated under the redevelopment plan. The
government has said that it will only legalize and relocate
industries that are not "polluting.“
• Government of maharashtra in the year 2003-04 decided to
redevelop dharavi as an integrated planned township and
an action plan for implementation of dharavi
redevelopment was approved by its g.R. Dtd. 04.02.2004. It
was decided to develop it by using land as resource to cross-
subsidize the cost of development through sale component
on the basis slum rehabilitation scheme by dividing it into
sectors and by appointing developers for the same.
Government also decided to notify the whole of dharavi as
undeveloped area and to appoint a special planning
authority for planning and development.