Electro magnetic clutch

system
M Shiva kumar
16VE5A0315
Introduction:
 Warner Electric designed the first electromagnetic clutch.

 Electromagnetic clutches operate electrically but transmit torque

mechanically.

 This is why they used to referred to as electro-mechanical clutches.

construction

 A magnet has a north and south pole. If a piece of carbon steel contacts both
the poles, a magnetic circuit is created.
 In an electro magnetic clutch, the north and south poles are created by a coil
shell and a wound coil.
 In a clutch, when power is applied, a magnetic field or flux is created in the
coil. This field (flux) overcomes an air gap between the clutch rotor and the
armature.
 This magnetic attraction, pulls the armature in contact with the rotor face.
 The frictional contact which is being controlled by the strength of the
magnetic field, is what causes the rotational motion to start.
Electro magnetic clutch system
Principle of E.M. clutch

 Electro magnetic clutch simply based on electro magnetism

 Magnetic fields are produced due to circulation of electric current in
conducting coil.
 Direction of magnetic field can be obtained by “right hand rule”
Specifications of EM clutch:

 Engagement and disengagement is electrically operated.

 No linkages are required to control its engagement and disengagement.
 Easy to handle.
 High torque to size ratio.
 Response is fast.
Working of EM clutch:
The clutch has four main parts:
1. Field
2. Rotor
3. Armature and
4. Hub(Output)
 When voltage is applied the stationary magnetic field generates
the lines of flux that pass into the rotor.(the rotor is normally
connected to the part that is always moving in the machine).
 The flux (magnetic attraction ) pull the armature in contact
with the motor
 The armature is connected to the component that requires the
acceleration, as the armature and the output start to
accelerate.
 Slipping between the rotor face and the armature face continues until the
input and output speed is the same.
 The actual time for this is quite short, between 1/200th of a second and 1
second.
 Disengagement is very simple. Once the field starts to Degrade, flux falls
rapidly and the armature saperates.
 One or more springs hold the armature away from the rotor at a
predetermined air gap.
Engagement time:

There are two engagement times to consider:

1. Time take for coil to develop the magnetic field or flux to pull the armature
2. Response time of clutch time to speed
Applications of EM Clutch:

 Machinery:
ex; printing machinery, conveyors, lawnmowers and etc.

 Automobile:
ex; outdoor use, in some Renault cars.

 Locomotives:
ex; diesel locomotives.
Advantages of EM clutch

 Complicated linkages are not required.

 Wear and tear is almost eliminated.
 Requires less current with no load conditions.
 It can work on 24V D.C. with low wattage.
Disadvantages

 Risk of overheating during engagement.

 High initial cost.
 If the current falls, torque will also decreases.
Conclusion

In conclusion, the group felt that all objectives had been met and that the final
circuit was successful in fulfilling its role.
A number of important lessons were learned about the problems involved in
designing a circuit to meet a real-world need and ways of overcoming these
problems wee found.