PHENACETIN

Liam, Lawrence Jay

Mendoza, Jezerie Angelie Joy
Mesa, Alyanna
Oao, Kris Angel
Orozco, Endika
Par, Richmond
WHAT IS PHENACETIN?

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:
Odorless fine white crystalline solid with a lightly
bitter taste. Used as an analgesic medicine.

It is used in research as the preferred marker for

detecting CYP1A2-based inhibition potential in vitro.
Human ingestion of phenacetin can result in a bluish
discoloration of the skin due to a lack of oxygen in the
blood

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1 RESULTS

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A. Nitration Test
1 mL of sample in test tube then heat
with 10% of picric acid
Theoretical result: orange ppt.

Actual result: no ppt. Formed

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B. Oxidation Test
1ml of sample in test tube then boil with
2ml conc. HCl. Dilute with distilled water,
cool and filter add 1-3 drops of chromic acid
solution.
Theretical result: yellow color

Actual result: yellow color

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Differentiation
1ml of acetanilide and phanacetin in separate test tube.
Add a few drops of phosphomolybdic acid on both.
Theoretical result:
• Acetanilide: green
• phenacetin: blue green color
Actual result:
• Acetanilide: negative
• Phenacetin: negative

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Differentiation
B. With Potassium bromide
Dissolve the sample in HCl, gently boil, then add several
drops of potassium bromide solution
Theoretical result:
• Acetanilide: flesh yellow ppt.
• Phenacetin: yellow ppt.
Actual result:
• Acetanilide: negative
• Phenacetin: positive

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Differentiation
C. Potassium permanganate
1ml of acetanilide and phenacetin in separate test tube boil
with 5 drops of HCl in 5 minutes. Filter then dilute with equal
amount of water. Add 5 drops of 10% KMnO4 when cooled.
Theoretical result:
• Acetanilide: green color
• Phenacetin: flesh color
Actual result:
• Acetanilide: negative
• Phenacetin: negative

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D. Indosalicylic acid test
Perform the indosalicylic acid test using phanacetin
Theoretical result:
Bluish purple
Actual result:
Colorless solution

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E. Azo-dyestuff test
Perform the azo-dyestuff test using phenacetin
Theoretical result:
Pale yellow
Actual result:
Pale yellow

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Answers to
question
Describe the effect of phenacitin on one’s health

•
Acute Health effects
High levels can interfere with the ability of the blood to carry oxygen causing headache, fatigue, dizziness,
and a blue color to the skin and lips (methemoglobinemia). Higher levels can cause trouble breathing, collapse and even
death.
• High exposure can cause headache, dizziness, seizures and even coma.
Chronic Heath Effects
• The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at some time after exposure to Phenacetin and
can last for months or years.

Cancer Hazard
• Phenacetin is a PROBABLE CARCINOGEN in humans. There is some evidence that it causes bladder,
urinary tract and nose cancers in animals.
• Many scientists believe there is no safe level of exposure to a carcinogen.
Reproductive Hazard
• There is limited evidence that Phenacetin may damage the developing fetus.
Other Long-Term Effects
• Exposure to Phenacetin can cause an allergic reaction with rash and itching.
• Very high or repeated exposure can destroy red blood cells causing low blood count (anemia).
• Phenacetin may damage the liver and kidneys.

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Answers to
question
2.Name the medical test used to determine whether
the person have been exposed to phenacitin?
The medical test used to determine for phenacetin
exposure are the following:
• Liver and kidney function tests
• Blood methemoglobin level
• Complete blood count
• Evaluation by a qualified allergist, including careful
exposure history and special testing, may help diagnose
skin allergy.

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Answers to
question
3. Enumerate means to reduce the risks of exposure
to phenacitin.
Ways of Reducing Exposure:
• Enclose operations and use local exhaust ventilation at
the site of chemical release. If local exhaust ventilation
or enclosure is not used, respirator should be worn.
• A regulated, marked area should be established where
phenacetin is handed, used, or stored.
• Wear protective work clothing.
• Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to
phenacetin and at the ned of the worshift.
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Answers to
question
4. What are the manifestations of phenacitin
poisoning?
The manifestation of phenacetin poisoning are the
following:
• Headache
• Fatigue
• Dizziness
• Blue color to the skin (methemoglobinemia)
• Higher levels can cause touble breathing, collapse and
even death.
• Comatose
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Answers to
question
5.
Eye Contact
How is phenacitin poisoning treated?

• Immediately flush with large amounts of water for atleast 15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper
and lower lids
Skin Contact
• Quicly remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash contaminated skin with large amonts
of soap and water.
Breathing
• Remove the person from exposure.
• Begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions) if breathing has stopped and CPR if heart
action stopped.
• Transfer promptly to a medical facility.
Drugs used to treat phenacetin poisoning:
• Activated charcoal with the use of N-acetylcystein.
• Saline Cathartic like sodium sulfate at 250/kg
• Use airway protected gastric lavage.
• Give phytonadione, fresh forzen plasma or clotting factor when necessary for bleeding.
• Hemodialysis is useful only in the first 10 hours.
• Give 5% dextrose IV for the first 48 hours.
• If cyanosis is severe, give methylene blue IV.
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Thanks!

ANY QUESTIONS?

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