Global Interstate System:

A Structure of Globalization
A quick recap…

• What is Globalization?
–Results from the removal of
barriers between national
economies to encourage the flow
of goods, services, capital, and
labor
 Let’s discuss

Global Interstate System

Discussion…
Explain the effects of
globalization on governments?
 You can refer to the sent article and the abstract of
a study sent via the GC as your bases
The Institutions that govern
International Relations
 History of United Nations
• US President Franklin Roosevelt coined the name United
Nations that was used in the Declaration of United
Nations on January 1, 1942
• Only 26 nation representatives pledged their government
to:
– Employ its full resources, military or economic against those
members of the Tripartite Pact and its adherents with which
such government is at war
– Cooperate with the governments signatory hereto and not to
make armistice or peace with the enemies
 The United Nations
• Allies to fight against the axis powers in the
2nd world war
• Officially come to existence
• 50 country representatives met and held the
UN Conference on International
Organization to Officially make the UN
Charter
 Regional Commissions
• ECA – Economic Commission for Africa
• ECE – Economic Commission for Europe
• ECLAC – Economic Commission for Latin
America and the Caribbean
• ESCAP – Economic & Social Commission for
Asia and the Pacific
• ESCWA – Economic & Social Commission for
West Asia
 Selected Institutions associated
with World Trade
• World Bank
– The international financial
institution that provides loan
to countries for capital
projects
– Established by the UN
Monetary & Financial
Conference or the Bretton
Woods Conference
 World Bank Group
• International Bank
Reconstruction and
Development (IBRD)
– Offers loans to middle income
countries to develop and improve
their country
 World Bank Group
• International Development
Association (IDA)
– Provides loans and grant
programs that boost economic
growth, reduce inequalities and
improve people’s living
conditions
 World Bank Group
• International Finance Corporation (IFC)
– Provides loans for private sectors in developing
countries to create markets that open up
opportunities for all
 World Bank Group
• International Center for Settlement of Investment
Disputes (ICSID)
– Administered the majority of international investment
cases
– Forum for investors in most of international
investment treaties and in numerous investment laws
and contracts
 World Bank Group
• International Monetary Fund (IMF)
– Ensure the stability of the international monetary
system by:
• Keeping track of the global economy and economies of
member countries
• Lending to countries with balance of payments difficulties
• Giving practical help to members
 World Bank Group
• World Trade Organization (WTO)
– Regulates international trades
– Deals with the rule trade between nations
– Ensures the trade will flow smoothly, predictable, a
freely as possible
– Acts as forum in negotiation trade agreements
 World Bank Group
• Organization for Economic Cooperation and
Development (OECD)
– Consists of 35 member countries
– Stimulate economic progress and world trade
– Providing a platform to compare policy experiences,
seeking answers to common problems, identify good
practices, and coordinate domestic and international
policies of its members
 Specialized Agencies
• International Labor Organization
– A United Nations agency that deals on labor
problems, particularly international labor standards,
social protection, and work opportunities for all
 Specialized Agencies
• World Health Organization (WHO)
– Regulates international trades
– Deals with the rule trade between nations
– Ensures the trade will flow smoothly, predictable, a
freely as possible
– Acts as forum in negotiation trade agreements
 Specialized Agencies
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
(FAO)
– Leads international efforts to defeat hunger
– Help eliminate hunger, food insecurity, malnutrition
– Reduce rural poverty
– Make agriculture, forestry and fishery more productive and
sustainable
– Enable inclusive and efficient agricultural and food systems
– Increase resilience of livelihoods to threats and crises
 Specialized Agencies
• United Nations Education, Scientific and
Cultural Organization
– To contribute to peace and security by promoting
international collaboration through educational,
scientific and cultural reforms in order to increase
universal respect for justice, the rule of law, and
human rights along with fundamental freedom
– Contribute to build peace
 Specialized Agencies
• World Health Organization (WHO)
– Building a better, healthier future for the people all over
the world
– Concern about public health
– Prime concern is to eradicate and combat dangerous
diseases like HIV/AIDS
– Make researches in medicines and vaccines to eliminate
diseases and development of nutritious foods
– Responsible for World Health Report and Survey
 Other Specialized International
Institutions
• International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
– To foster the planning and development of
international air transport so as to ensure the safe and
orderly growth of international civil aviation
throughout the world
 Other Specialized International
Institutions
• International Maritime Organization (IMO)
– Responsible for the safety and security of shipping and
the prevention of marine pollution by ships
 Other Specialized International
Institutions
• International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
– Connecting the world’s people
– Allocate global radio spectrum and satellite orbits
– Develop the technical standards that ensure networks
and technologies seamlessly interconnect
– Strive to improve access to ICTs to underserved
communities worldwide
 Other Specialized International
Institutions
• Universal Postal Union (UPU)
– Ensure a truly universal network of up-to-date products
and services
– Sets the rules for international mail exchanges and
makes recommendations to stimulate growth in mail,
parcel and financial services volumes and improve
quality of service for customers
 Other Specialized International
Institutions
• World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
– A specialized agency of the UN for meteorology
(weather and climate), operational hydrology and
related geophysical sciences
– The UN system’s authoritative voice on the state and
behavior of the Earth’s atmosphere, its interactions
with the oceans, the climate it produces, and the
resulting distribution of water resources
 Other Specialized International
Institutions
• World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
– Intellectual property refers to creations of mind, such
as inventions, literary and artistic works, designs and
symbols, names and images used in commerce (eg.
Patents, copyright, trademarks
– Lead the development of a balanced and effective
international intellectual property (IP) system that
enables innovation and creativity for the benefit of all
 Other Specialized International
Institutions
• International Fund for Agricultural Development
(IFAD)
– Invest in rural people, empowering them to:
• increase their food security
• Improve nutrition of their families
• Increase their incomes
– Building resilience, expand their business and take
charge of their own development
 Other Specialized International
Institutions
• United Nations Industrial Development
Organization (UNIDO)
– The specialized agency of the United Nations that
promotes industrial development for poverty reduction,
inclusive globalization and environmental
sustainability
 Other Specialized International
Institutions
• World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
– Promotion of responsible, sustainable and universally
accessible tourism
– Leads the promotion of tourism as a driver of
economic growth, inclusive development and offers
leadership and support to the sector in advancing
knowledge and tourism policies worldwide
 Discussion…
• Globalism versus Internationalism
Quiz
Assignment