Pertemuan 7

Instrumentation Amplifier Basics and

Applications

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• A special implementation of Operational Amplifiers is the
Instrumentation Amplifier, a type of Differential Amplifier
with Input Buffer Amplifier.
• An Instrumentation amplifier is an integrated circuit (IC)
used to amplify a signal, which is a type of differential
amplifier because it amplifies between two input signal.
• The importance of an instrumentation amplifier is that it
can reduce unwanted noise that is picked up by the circuit.
The ability to reject noise or unwanted signals common to
all IC pins is called the
common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR)

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 Introduction
• Many industrial and consumer applications
require the measurement and control of
physical conditions. For example,
measurements of temperature and humidity
inside a diary plant to accurately maintain
product quality, or precise control of the
temperature of a plastic furnace to produce a
particular grade of plastic, etc.

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• These changes in physical conditions must be
converted to electrical quantities using
transducers, and then amplified. Such
amplifiers, which are used to amplify signals to
measure physical quantities are commonly
known as Instrumentation Amplifiers.

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 Requirements of a Good Instrumentation
Amplifier
• Finite, Accurate and Stable Gain
• Easier Gain Adjustment
• High Input Impedance
• Low Output Impedance
• High CMRR
• High Slew Rate

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ABS/Instrumentation Amplifier 6
Three Op-Amp Instrumentation Amplifier

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Circuit of Instrumentation amplifier:

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Instrumentation amplifier connection with
transducers

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 Transducer Bridge Instrumentation Amplifier
• The resistive transducer bridge is a network of resistors whose
resistance varies due to changes in some physical condition.
• For example, Thermistors change their resistance with
temperature and Light Dependent Resistors change their
resistance to change in light intensity.
When the bridge is balanced

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 Transducer Bridge Instrumentation Amplifier

When the bridge is balanced

When there is a change in the physical quantity being measured, the voltage Va will no longer be equal to Vb

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 Applications
• Strain gauge bridge interface for pressure and
temperature sensing.
• A variety of low side and high side current sensing
application.
• Medical instrumentation, used in ECG connection.
• Current/voltage monitoring.
• Audio application involving weak audio signal.
• High speed signal conditioning

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Applications of Instrumentation Amplifier
• Temperature Controller

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• Temperature Indicator: The circuit shown for
temperature controller can also be used as a
temperature indicator. The resistive bridge is
kept balanced for a particular reference
temperature when Vo = 0V.
• Light Intensity Meter: The same circuit can be
used to detect variations in the intensity of
light, by replacing the thermistor by a Light
Dependent Resistor (LDR).
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