HYDROPONICS

Product Knowledge and Investment Opportunity

WHAT IS HYDROPONIC ?
Hydroponic is a method of planting plants without using growing media from the soil.
Hydroponically literally means planting in water containing a mixture of nutrients

The advantages of hydroponic systems :

1) Land use is more efficient,
2) Plants produce without using soil,
3) There is no risk for continuous planting throughout the year,
4) Quantity and quality of production is higher, more sterile and cleaner,
5) The use of fertilizer and water is more efficient,
6) Shorter planting period,
7) Only requires a little workforce, and
8) Pest and disease control is easier.

The deficiencies of hydroponic systems :

1) Requires large capital, particularly for industrial scale.;
2) On the "Close System" (nutrients are circulated), if there are plants that are
attacked by pathogens then in a very short time the whole plant will be affected
by the attack;
3) Requires extra precision and special skills,
4) Sometimes we will have difficulty if we need certain treatment equipment,
5) In water culture systems, when the volume of water and the amount of nutrients
become very limited it will cause the plant to wither quickly and seriously stress.
Various types of hydroponic systems :
1. Drip System ,
Drip systems are one of the most widely used types
of hydroponic systems around the world, both for
home growers as well as commercial growers alike.
That's mainly because it's an easy concept and
needs few parts, but yet it's a very versatile and
effective type of hydroponic system.
2. Nutrient Film Technique (NFT),
The N.F.T. system (Nutrient Film Technique) is quite
popular with home hydroponic growers as well.
Mainly because of it is fairly simple
design. However N.F.T. systems are best suited for,
and most commonly used for growing smaller quick
growing plants
3. Flood and Drain (Ebb and flow)
In a flood and drain system, nutrient is pumped from
the nutrient tank (A) into a a grow tray using a pump
(B). A one way valve allows the nutrient to flow into the
grow tray only, flooding the roots of the plants. The
nutrient then gradually flows back into the nutrient tank
(C). The pump is operated in cycles using a timer.
4. Deep Water Culture
How a hydroponic Water Culture system operates is
easy. The plant is actually suspended in baskets right
above the nutrient solution in the reservoir. Usually by
styrofoam floating on top, or through holes cut in the
lid covering the reservoir. The roots hang down from
baskets the plants are in, and hang down directly into
the nutrient solution where they are submerged
5. Wick System
How a wick system operates is like it sounds, it
basically just wicks up nutrient solution from the
reservoir to the plants using the process of capillary
action. Meaning it sucks up water to the plants
through the wick like a sponge.

6. Aeroponic System
Some advantages to using an aeroponic systems
are they typically use little to no growing media.
The roots get maximum oxygen, and the plants
grow more rapidly as a result. Aeroponic systems
also generally use less water than any other type.
Growth media in hydroponics: Types of plants that can be planted hydroponically:
 Husk Charcoal  Vegetables, such as: lettuce, sawi, kailan, pakchoy,
 Sponge celery, broccoli, carrot, chilli, butterhead, etc
 Expanded clay  Fruit, such as: tomatoes, cucumber, strawberry,
 Rockwool paprika, melon, eggplant, etc
 Perlite  Decorative plants/flower, such as : orchid,
 Cocopeat gerbera, chrysanthemum, japanese bamboo, etc
 Sand
 Sawdust

Hydroponic commodity selection :

 In the tropics, ideally plastic / gauze houses are made in the highlands.
 In these areas, high economic value crops such as tomatoes, peppers,
lettuce, kailan, broccoli, chili, eggplant, cucumber, pakcoy, lettuce, celery, and
other seasonal vegetables from subtropical countries are suitable for
cultivation.
 Commodities with high economic value, high productivity and quality, and
guaranteed continuity are compatible with hydroponic culture commercially

Management of Nutrition and Water:

 Important elements for plants, plants need 16 nutrients / nutrients for growth from air,
water and fertilizer. Elements C, H and O are usually supplied from air and water in
sufficient quantities. Other nutrients are obtained through fertilization or nutrient solutions
 Nutrition formula and how to apply it, important factor in the formula of the
nutrient solution, is the composition of the solution and the concentration of
the solution. There is no one type of nutrient solution formula that applies to
all commodities.
SOME TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF HYDROPONIC

Understanding of PPM and EC in Hydroponic

Systems:
 Total dissolved solids, abbreviated as TDS are
usually expressed in parts per million (PPM) or parts
per million. TDS is a measurement of the mass of
dissolved solids in a solution called gravimetric
analysis
 Electrical Conductivity (EC), in hydroponics is
expressed in miliSiemens per centimeter (mS / cm).
Nutrients in AB Mix solution are anion salts and cations
that have an electric charge, the goal is that these
nutrients can be directly absorbed by the root system.
 TDS / EC Meter is the best measuring tool to determine
the concentration of nutrients needed by plants that are
hydroponically grown.
The process of cultivating hydroponic plants (specially vegetables) in general has the same
stages:
 Nursery,
 Plant enlargement,
 Plant maintenance,
 Harvesting, and
 Post harvesting

Some successful hydroponic entrepreneurs :

 Saung Mirwan, in Mega Mendung, Bogor, West Java
 Parungfarm, (PT. Kebun Sayur Segar) in Parung, West Java
 Peninsula Farm, in Bahrain, UEA (owned by Indonesian)

Potential Domestic Hydroponic Market :

 Hypermarket : Carrefour, Hypermart, Lottemart, Farmers, Ranch Market, Grand Lucky,
Aeon, Lulu, etc
 Supermarket chain : Foodhall, Foodmart, Giant, Kemchick, etc
 Fruit store : Total Buah Segar, Rumah Buah, etc
 Hotel chain : Aston group, Hilton group, Accorhotels group, Santika group, etc
 Restaurant : Pizza Hut, Dominos, Mc Donald, etc
Potential Hydroponic Export Market :
 Singapore, Hong Kong, Japan, etc
 HYDROPONIC INVESTMENT HIGHLIGHT

Cost of Making a Business Scale Hydroponic Garden Facility :

 For the manufacture of a greenhouse complete with mild steel, the insect screen net
and UV plastic will cost up to IDR 300K-400K /m2 depend on development area
 A hydroponic garden with an area of 500 m2 will need investment cost of green house
approximately IDR. 150 million
 Cost of making hydroponic modules which reach 2.5 million per complete module
every 300 planting holes.
 If the module can be installed in a 500 m2 area of 40 pieces, then there will be around
12,000 hydroponic vegetable planting holes to produce. Thus, cost of hydroponic
modules approximately IDR 100 million
 The above costs are certainly beyond the cost of land acquisition or land rent.
source : www.yugosp.com
Simple Calculation of Hydroponic Vegetable Production Costs for Caisim (sawi) as
sample:
 The normal price of AB mix nutrition for 1000 liters on the market currently is IDR 100K and rockwool IDR
75K per slab.
 For caisim greens, rockwool which costs IDR 75K / slab can be cut into 2.5cm X 2.5cm pieces to 1500
rockwool parts to be used as planting media, that means one planting hole only requires around IDR 50
without hoeing.
 The costs for nutrition, seeds and electricity sequentially require IDR 100, IDR 25 and IDR 500 for each
planting hole per planting period
 For the current price range, hydroponic vegetables are valued at around IDR 14K - 35K per Kg depending
on the quality of vegetables and types of consumers (retail, restaurant or traditional market)
 Based on experience of Ceria Hydrofarm, the net benefits gained in the hydroponics business are 40-60%
of the production costs depending on the type of vegetables and weather faced in the field.

source : www.yugosp.com
References :
 http://www.hydro-industries.com
 http://homehydrosystems.com
 http://www.parungfarm.com
 https://hidroponik.pro
 https://www.yugosp.com
 Skripsi : Analisis Usaha Sayuran Hidroponik pada PT. KEBUN SAYUR SEGAR, Kabupaten
BOGOR, Ratna Indriasti, Mahasiswa, Departemen Agribisnis FEM IPB, H34104055, 2013
 Book : Budidaya Tanaman Sayuran dengan Sistem Hidroponik, Rini Rosliani and Nani
Sumarni, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan
Hortikulutra, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, Bandung, 2005