Product Design

What is Product Design

 Product Design is the process of creating a new
product from an idea and transforming it into
reality.
 It is the generation of an effective and efficient
ideas to solve a problem and converting them
into a form suitable for mass utilization.
Factors affecting Product Design
Key Steps in Product
Design
1. Idea Generation
• Customer’s Input
• Brainstorming Sessions
• Surveys
• Competition
• Research and Development team
2. Concept Screening
• Is there a real need for the idea
generated?

• Can the idea be fully developed?

• Is the idea profitable enough for

development?
3. Concept Testing
• The main goal of this step is to measure
the consumers response to the product.

• Before investing further into the product ,

it should be made clear that the buyers
are interested.
4. In-depth analysis
• Detailed list of features, benefits and
USP’s.
• Modelling and analysis using CAD
software's.
• Resource Requirement for manufacturing.
• Summary of competitors ,marketing
strategies and pricing.
5. Prototype Development
• Prospective buyers are shown the
prototype and asked about their views on
the product.
• Likes and Evaluation of the product are
done. Also suggestions on improvement
are taken.
6. Commercialization
• The product is manufactured in a large
scale and is launched fully.
Objectives of Product Design
• To meet the existing as well as new requirements
of the customers.
• To ensure the growth of the organization.
• To utilize the surplus capacity of the
organizations.
• To utilize the surplus funds of the organization.
• To increase the company’s market share and to
target new market segments.
• To ensure complete product range in the
company’s portfolio.
Principles for a good product design
• Functionality: The product must fulfil the
intended function.
• Reliability: The product must be useful of
the indented period of time.
• Quality: The product must satisfy the
expected requirements.
• Standardization: The product must be
designed according to the regional and
international standards.
• Maintainability: The product must perform
for a designated period of time under
minimum and defined maintenance.
• Cost effectiveness: The product must be
manufactured in the most cost effective
way.
• Productivity: The product must be
produced with a bare minimum of
materials and cost and should have a
designated quality.
Product Life Cycle
Different stages
• Introduction Stage: This stage marks the
introduction of the product into the
market. It may be an old or new product.
The demand is low as customers do not
know much about the product.
• Growth Stage: Once the product passes
the introduction stage, the sales starts
increasing because of acceptability of the
product by the customer.
• Maturity: The sales growth reaches a point
above which it will not increase.
• Decline: The competitors will enter the
market with better product features,
advanced technology and reduced prices.
This is a threat to the existing product and
the sales start declining.
Product Design Case study-
Coca-Cola
John S Pemberton invented Coca-Cola on May
8,1886.It was a medicine for Headaches that wound
up being a beverage sensation.

Steps involved are:-

• Defining the problem: John tried to create a
medicine for headaches.
• Brainstorm possible solutions: He started
experimenting with different chemicals .He also
started experimenting with syrups , water and
carbonated water.
• Research: He got his friend Frank Robinson to help
him experiment with chemicals and come in with an
idea for the name.
• Specify Constraints: Science in 1880’s was not as
developed as today for Iterative experimentation .
So he decided to make a product that acts as a
medicine for headaches and also it would not affect
the health of the user’s in any other way.
• Selecting an Approach: He decided the way in which
he wanted to make the product as well as the
distribution approach.
• Developing a written design proposal: He wrote
down recipes and formulas for his product.
• Prototyping: He made several versions to
experiment with and taste.
• Improvement: Once he got the taste right, he started
making it better and work better as well.
• Commercialization: He made the finished version of
the product.
• Marketing: He put an ad in the newspaper and He
hired people to walk around and advertise his
product.