FISH CULTURE DISCUSSANTS:

ARA JANE AMARILLO

KARENMAE PERAS
SHEILA MEA CEMPRON
Objectives:
 Explain the phases or aspects of Fish Culture:
 Classify the fish culture;
 Recite the different terminologies used fish culture;
 Enumerate the parts of a fish pond and the function
of each part;
 Discuss the species and characteristics of cultivate
fish and natural foods of fish and;
 Analyse the importance of fish culture and of
possible strategies for the species of fish pond.
 Fish Culture
 Many programs and activities had been done in response to the
problems regarding the shortage of the supply of fish in the country.
One of these program is Fish Culture.

 The process of raising in an enclosed area for commercial purposes.

 Phases or Aspects of Fish Culture:
1.Fish Cultivation
The rearing of fish under controlled or semi-
controlled condition.
2.Fish Propagation
The process of increasing fish life either
by natural or artificial means of
reproduction.
3.Fish Conservation
The scientific means of utilizing fish and
other fishery aquatic products / resources.
 Classification of Fish Culture
1. According to extent of financial investment
a) Intensive- utilize limited area with very high investment
b) Extensive- utilize wide area with minimal capital and very low production
c) Semi-Intensive-employ some or the majority of the modern techniques of
production.
2. According to purpose
a. For commerce or for business
b. For recreation or for enjoyment
c. For educational and cultural or scientific pursuit
d. For food production
3. According to design 6. According to temperature
a) Natural pond a) Warm water or hot water
b)Artificial pond b)Cold water

4. According to state of water 7. According to species raised

a) Still water a) Fresh water species
b)Running water b)brackish-water species
c) Marine or salt water species
5. According to salinity
a) Fresh water
b)brackish-water
c) Marine or salt water
Terminologies used in the study of Fish Culture
1. Endemic or Indigenous 4. Herbivorous
 native to the locality  Species of fish that feed on plants and
vegetables only.

2. Exotic or Digenous
 introduced by other countries 5. Carnivorous
 Species of fish that feed on other animals.

3. Habitat
 the place where plants and animals grow and
naturally live.
6. Omnivorous
 Species of fish that feed on both plants and 9. pH
anoimals  The hydrogen ion-concentration of water.

7. Tide
 The periodic rise and fall of sea water
10.Photosynthesis
The process by which plant manufacture their
own food with the aid of sunlight.
8. Milt
 The male reproductive gland of fishes
11.Predators
 species of fish feeding on other fishes 14.Salinity
specially the cultivate ones.  The degree of freshness and saltiness of
water

12. Prolific
 The process of producing young in great 15.Temperature
numbers.  the degree of coldness and hotness of water

13. Sabalo
 The bangus breeder o spawner
16.Competition
 The rivalry for space and oxygen inside the
fish pond.
19.Spat
 The larvae of oyster and mussel which are
free swimming in the water.
17.Cannibalistic
 Species of fish that feed their own kind.

20.Catadromous
18.Plankton  Species of fish that go down from fresh water
 The biological association of minute plants to salt water.
and animals which are found growing on the
surface of the water.
21.Anadromous
 Species of fish that go upstream from salt
water to fresh water. 23.Viviparous
 Species of fish that bring forth living young
which during their early development receive
nourishment from their mother fish.

22.Oviparous
 Species of fish whose eggs are fertilized and
developed outside the body.
24.Ovoviparous 25.Food Chain
 Species of fish whose eggs are  Shows how each living thing
fertilized and developed with in the gets food, and how nutrients and
body but the young when born alive energy are passed from creature to
do not receive nourishment from the creature. Food chains begin with
mother fish. plant-life, and end with animal-life.
 Ex: Rays and Sharks Some animals eat plants, some animals
eat other animals.
26. Scavenger
 species of fish that feed on decaying organic
matter.

28. Fecundity
 The number of eggs laid by a female fish in
one spawning.

27.Lab-Lab
 The vernacular form for all the greenish,
brownish or yellowish crust of micro benthic
fauna and flora, which are found growing in
matrix or mat at the pond floor.
29. Standing Corp
 The total number of fish
stocked at a given area at given
time.
30. Biomass
 The total weight of the animal
in the given environment.
 Compartments of a Fishpond and Functions
1. Nursery pond - the smallest and the cleanest compartment where fish
are reared from fry up to pre fingerling size.

2. Transition pond - a compartment where fish are reared from pre

fingerling size to post fingerling size before stocking them in to other
larger compartments, it is also known as stunting pond.

3. Rearing pond - the largest compartment of a fishpond where fishes

are reared from post fingerlings up to marketable size.
4. Breeding pond - a compartment where spawners are confined and are
used purposely for the production of fry.

5. Catching pond - an area that serves as catchment basin for fish

harvest.

6. Head pond - an area that serves as water reservoir where water is

stored before going to other pond compartments.

7. Water supply canal - canal used to supply water throughout the

whole fish pond system.
 Legend:
NP – Nursery Pond
FP – Formation Pond
RP – Rearing Pond
SC – Supply Canal

Interpreting Plans and Layout

Kinds of Dikes

 Main dike - the largest of all dikes that surrounds the whole
fishpond project.

 Secondary
dike - the dike that surrounds the biggest
compartment.

 Tertiary
dike - the dike that surrounds the smallest
compartment.
 Kinds of Gates
 Main gate - the largest gate that
serves as water entrance in the
whole fishpond system.

 Secondary gate - the gate that

can be found in the largest
compartment.

 Tertiary gate - the gate that can

be found in the smallest
compartment.
Species of fish that are commonly
cultured in ponds:

I. Native or Indigenous

II. Introduced or Exotic Fishes

III. Crustaceans
1.Native
or Indigenous
2.Introduced
or Exotic Fishes
3.Crustaceans
Common Enemies of Fish
 1. Predators - fish and other animals that prey on the cultured
species of fish

 2. Competitors - fish and other animals that compete with the

cultured species in terms of food, space and
oxygen

 3. Nuisances - crustaceans and other animals that do a lot of

damage to the food and in the habitat of fish.
 Characteristics of Fish that are
Suitable for Pond Culture
1. Fish should be palatable and good tasting – the fish must have a delicate flavour.

2. Fish must be a fast grower – the fish must be able to grow rapidly or can give
a possibility of four or more harvests a year .

3. Fish should be resistant to pests, diseases and parasites – the fish should not
succumb to abrupt changes in temperature or salinity and can tolerate such conditions in all its
existence.
4. Fish should be a universal feeder – the culture fish require food which can
be grown easily and abundantly under favourable conditions.

5. Fish should have high market demand – the fish must command a high
price to recover

6. Fish should not be destructive in confinement, either to its kind or to

other species or to its environment
– the fish should be prolific which means that reproduce very often to have a
continuous supply of fry or stocks. the expenses incurred.
 Other Fish Culture Facilities
1. Hapa - it is an unframed
net tied to posts and principally used
for nursing fry and holding of breeder. It
Looks like an inverted mosquito net.

2. Fish cage - it is a framed net

that is either fixed or mobile. Set in
water and surrounded with a bamboo
raft and provided with an anchor at the
bottom. It is used for the culture of fish
from fry to marketable size.
3. Fish pen - it is an enclosure
of net or bamboo slats with sturdy
posts staked at the bottom of water and
used for the culture of fish from fry to
marketable size

Tank - it is a structure made of

brick tile or concrete used for the purpose of
culturing fish from fry, to marketable size. It
can also be used as a breeding tank, or as
conditioning tank
for breeders.
4. Raceway – an enclosure of concrete
soil or added materials generally in the
shape of the canal through which
constant water flows. Fish are raised in
the raceway at high density and their
waste products are carried out by the
water passing through the areas.
And God Bless