GROUP 1

• ANGGIE AULIA LESTARI

• ISNYNDA MADANI
• RAKA EKI FEBRIAN
• SANDY ILHAM
• SHINTA PUJI LESTARI
• SRI AYU ENDANG
 DEFINITION

CONCLUSION SIGN

TREATMENT PREVENTATION
 DEFINITION

Diphtheria is an acute, toxin-mediated disease caused by the

bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Diphtheria is usually
spread between people by direct contact or through the air. The
incubation period is 2–5 days (range, 1–10 days). Affected
anatomic sites include the mucous membrane of the upper
respiratory tract (nose, pharynx, tonsils, larynx, and trachea
[respiratory diphtheria]), skin (cutaneous diphtheria), or rarely,
mucous membranes at other sites (eye, ear, vulva). Nasal
diphtheria can be asymptomatic or mild, with a blood-tinged
discharge.
 SIGN

• The symptoms of
diphtheria usually begin
two to seven days after
infection.

• Symptoms of diphtheria include fever

of 38 °C (100.4 °F) or above, chills,
fatigue, bluish skin coloration
(cyanosis), sore throat, hoarseness,
cough, headache, difficulty
swallowing, painful swallowing,
difficulty breathing, rapid breathing,
foul-smelling and bloodstained nasal
discharge, and lymphadenopathy.
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 PREVENTATION

All travelers should be up-to-date with diphtheria

toxoid vaccine before departure. After a childhood
primary series and a booster dose during
adolescence, routine booster doses with a diphtheria
toxoid–containing vaccine given either as Td (tetanus-
diphtheria) or Tdap (tetanus-diphtheria-acellular-
pertussis if not previously given) should be given to all
adults every 10 years. This booster is particularly
important for travelers who will live or work with local
populations in countries where diphtheria is endemic.
 TREATMENT

Patients with respiratory diphtheria require

hospitalization to monitor response to
treatment and manage complications.
Equine diphtheria antitoxin (DAT) is the
mainstay of treatment and is administered
after specimen testing, without waiting for
laboratory confirmation. In the United States,
DAT is available to physicians under an
investigational new drug protocol by
contacting CDC at 770-488-7100.
An antibiotic (erythromycin or penicillin)
should be used to eliminate the causative
organisms, stop exotoxin production, and
reduce communicability. Supportive care
(airway, cardiac monitoring) is required.
Antimicrobial prophylaxis (erythromycin or
penicillin) is recommended for close
contacts of patients.

DIPHTHERIA is a contagious
disease that attacks the
respiratory system such as the
throat and mouth.
CONCLUSION
DIPHTHERIA infection can
prevent by way of healthy
living patterns, no direct
contact with sufferers and
also vaccine immunization.