What is Hypervisor

• A hypervisor is a software or hardware that run and

create different VM’s.
• A computer on which hypervisor is running is called
host machine.
• The machine which is running is called guest
machine.
 Types of Hypervisor
Type1(native or bare metal):
 The type1 Hypervisor is installed directly on the bare
metal hardware it doesn’t require and additional
OS, it is the OS.
Example :
 XEN.
Pros and Cons of Type1
PROS CONS

 System is thin the  The large VM are not

hypervisor has direct supported.
access to the hardware.  Hardware should support
virtualization technology.
 Really Bad Console.
 Classification of Type1
VMMS
Monolithic:
 Have directly access to handle all hardware for
their partition.
Microkernelized:
 Only a parent partition perform a core task like
partition and memory management.
 Type 2
Type2(hosted):
 Type2 is more an application and install on an OS
instead of directly installed on the bare-metal.
Example:
 Hyper V & oracle VM.
Pros and Cons of Type2
PROS CONS

 Run on a greater array of  Decrease security.

hardware because the  Loss of centralized
underlying host OS is management.
controlling the hardware.
 Easy user interface.
 Data can be secured on
desktop.
 Hypervisors
• VMware:
• Supports bridging existing host network adapters
and share physical disk drives and USB devices with
a virtual machine.
• VMware Workstation can save the state of a virtual
machine (a "snapshot") at any instant.
 Architecture
• Infrastructure: VMware Virtual machine file
system(VMFS), VMware Virtual Symmetric Multi
processing(SMP).
•
 Virtual Box
• Virtual Box runs on a large number of 32-bit and 64-
bit host operating systems.
• No hardware virtualization required.
• Great hardware support.
• Remote machine display.
• Supports multiple types of disk image (e.g., vdi,
vmdk, vhd, hdd, qed, qcow).
 Architecture
• Virtual Box uses a layered architecture consisting of
a set of kernel modules for running virtual machines.
 XEN
• EFI (extensible Firmware Interface) support for
hypervisor. Allows Xen to boot on machines which
use EFI rather than a traditional BIOS.
• Support up to 4095 Host CPUs for 64 bit hardware
Per-device interrupt remapping (increases
scalability).
• Xen can supplied with the microcode image by the
boot loader and load it early.
 Architecture
• Xen Architecture. The core of the Oracle VM system
is the software that runs the virtual machines. This
software is the Xen virtualization system. The Xen
virtualization system consists of the Xen Hypervisor
and support software
 KVM
• KSM (share memory with COW)
• Disk image cloning, sharing, snapshot
• Live migration (shared storage)
• Save and restore VM
• Para virtualization
 Architecture
• Each virtual CPU appears as a regular Linux process
• Emulation is handle by a modified version of QEMU
• Linux as a VMM
• Resource management
• The KVM control interface
• Emulation of hardware
 What is Virtualization
• Virtualization provide hardware independence.
• Encapsulate OS in VM.
• Run Virtual instance on a actual hardware.
 Virtualization type
Full virtualization:
 Guest operating systems are unaware of each
other.
 Directly interact with physical server cpu and disk.
 Provide complete independency to each VM.
 Hyper wiser allow to run multiple OS simultaneously
on host computer.
 Pros and cons
PROS:
 Provide best security to every VM.
 Run multiple guest simultaneously on same
hardware.
CONS:
 Bit slower.
 Might be difficult to install driver for new device.
 Virtualization type
para-virtualization:
 Manage the guest OS which does not require large
computational resources.
 An alternate way to create the VM.
 Guest OS does not direct access to hardware.
 If guest OS want communicate with hardware it
communicate with host OS with API.
 Pros and cons
PROS:
 This is efficient virtualization
 Allow user to install new device drivers.
CONS:
 Required special kernel for guest OS’s.
 Virtualization type
Hardware virtualization:
 Enable full virtualization.
 Used resources from the host processors.
 Added in x86 processors.
 Similar to full virtualization.