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EE202 Lecture 7: Synchronous Motors
EE202 Lecture 7: Synchronous Motors
Synchronous Motors
by L. Mutauranwa
Synchronous Motors
• Introduction
• Principle of Operation
N
S
2
NS S
N 1
N
S
Amortisseur
Windings/ Bars
Starting Methods
3. Using Amortisseur Windings
• AC current is supplied to the stator
• Creates a rotating magnetic field in the stator
• This field induces an opposing current in the rotor
damper windings
• NB This effect only takes place in the damper
windings when short circuited or closed through
external resistances
• The currents in turn create B fields in the rotor
• The direction of the B field is so as to oppose the
change in current in the rotor windings (Lenz’s
Law)
Starting Methods
3. Using Amortisseur Windings
• The cause of induced current in the rotor windings
is the rotating stator magnetic field
• So, to oppose the change in rotor winding currents
the rotor starts to rotate in the direction of
rotating stator magnetic field
• When the rotor is now synchronised with the
stator…
• There will be no current in damper windings as
there is no relative motion between stator & rotor
• The DC supply is now connected and synchronous
motor pulls into step
• Continues to operate as a synchronous motor
Synchronous Motors
• Speed of Rotation
• The speed of a synchronous motor is constant
• From no load to the maximum possible load
• The speed of rotation is
𝑛𝑚 𝑃 120𝑓𝑒
𝑓𝑒 = 𝑛𝑚 = 𝑛𝑠𝑦𝑛𝑐 =
120 𝑃
Synchronous Synchronous
Generator Motor
fe = frequency of supply voltage (Hz)
nsync= synchronous speed of the rotor (rpm)
P = number of poles
Worked Example
Question
It is necessary to supply 900kW of 60Hz power. The only
power source available operate at 50Hz. It is decided to
generate the power by means of a motor-generator set
consisting of a synchronous motor driving a synchronous
generator. How many poles should each of the two machines
have in order to convert 50 Hz power to 60 Hz power?
𝑛𝑚 𝑃 120𝑓𝑒
𝑓𝑒 = 𝑛𝑚 = 𝑛𝑠𝑦𝑛𝑐 =
120 𝑃
Synchronous Synchronous
Generator Motor