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Nutritional Care in DM: Nutrition Department Medical School University of Sumatera Utara
Nutritional Care in DM: Nutrition Department Medical School University of Sumatera Utara
Nutritional Care in DM: Nutrition Department Medical School University of Sumatera Utara
NUTRITIONAL CARE IN DM
Nutrition department
Medical school
University of Sumatera Utara
Epidemic Type 2 Diabetes
and the Hidden IGT Epidemic: 2004
97 million known cases
Epidemic Type 2 Diabetes
and the Hidden IGT Epidemic: 2004
97 million known cases
97 million undiagnosed cases
Epidemic Type 2 Diabetes
and the Hidden IGT Epidemic: 2004
97 million known cases
97 million undiagnosed cases,
314 million persons with
Impaired Glucose Tolerance
Epidemic Type 2 Diabetes
and the Hidden IGT Epidemic: 2004
. . . and the cardiovascular
disease
epidemic to follow through the
Metabolic Syndrome. . .
MNT is integral to total diabetes care &
management
Requires a coordinated team effort
MNT requires an individual approach &
effective nutrition self-management
education
Goals of MNT for DM
Goals of MNT that apply to all persons
with diabetes
1. Attain & maintain optimal metabolic outcomes
including :
- blood glucose levels in the normal range or as close
to normal as is safely possible to prevent or reduce
risk or complications of diabetes
- A lipid & lipoprotein profile that reduces risk for
CV disease
- Blood pressure levels that reduce the risk for
vascular disease
2. Prevent & treat the chronic complications :
Modify nutrient intake as appropriate for the
prevention and treatment of obesity, CV
disease, hypertension & nephropathy
3. Improve health through healthy food choices
& physical activity
4. Address individual nutritional needs, taking
into consideration personal & cultural
preferences & lifestyle while respecting the
individual’s needs & willingness to change
Goals of nutrition therapy that apply
to specific situations
Complex
Fiber
Carbohydrate and Diabetes
=
Carbohydrate and Diabetes
Fiber:
Fiber is encouraged for everyone:
20-35 grams/day
Good sources of fiber:
Whole grain cereals
Fruits
Vegetables
Beans and peas
Carbohydrate and Diabetes
Fiber:
Only large amounts (50 grams/day)
have shown improvement in blood
glucose and cholesterol
Primarily soluble fiber (barley, oatmeal,
beans, apples, broccoli)
Side effects make this difficult for many
people
Protein and Diabetes
these fats
Dietary Fat and Diabetes
Foods That Contain Trans Fats:
Formed when a liquid oil is made more
solid
Found in many types of stick
margarine, fast foods, and baked
goods like cookies, crackers, snack
foods, pastries and croissants
Dietary Fat and Diabetes
Egg yolks
Dietary Fat and Diabetes
education
frequent follow-up
Vitamins and Minerals and
Diabetes
strict vegetarians
14
Dietary Guidelines