Prepared by: Sahil Nazir Pottoo M.Tech ECE Introduction to Video Compression
Video Compression tries to eliminate the
temporal redundancy between adjacent frames. Once the redundancies are removed the object requires less memory space. So being smaller in size, it takes less time for transmission over the network. This in turn significantly reduces storage and transmission costs. Motion estimation The basic principle of motion estimation is that in most cases, consecutive video frames will be similar except for changes induced by objects moving within the frames
For each block in current frame find a matching
block from consecutive frame, so that only the (relatively small) Residual Error Picture and its corresponding Motion Vectors are encoded.
The problem for motion estimation to solve is how to
effectively represent the changes between two video frames.
Motion estimation applies a comprehensive two-
dimensional spatial search in order to find the best match for each block. Motion compensation Motion compensation is a technique that uses the temporal redundancy between frames in a video sequence to compress the data. The prediction for the next frame is estimated by the motion between frames. Once a motion estimate has been made, the algorithm only transmits the difference between two frames, which is contained in the motion information and the estimation error. If the motion estimation is good, a high rate of the compression can be achieved. In this technique the picture is divided into two parts: the motion vectors, which estimate the motion in the picture, and the residual, which is the error between the actual image and its estimate. In lossless coding, both the exact motion vector and a version of the residual must be transmitted. However, if the motion estimation is good, only the motion vector need be transmitted. Block matching approach Example Residual Error Picture Any queries ?