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Chapter 2.2 - Projectile
Chapter 2.2 - Projectile
Onn Malaysia
Mechanical Engineering
Dynamics DAM 20903
Presented by
Mr. Tuan Mohd Hafeez bin Tuan
Ibrahim
12.6 Motion of a Projectile
• Projectile: any body that is given an initial
velocity and then follows a path determined
by the effects of gravitational acceleration
and air resistance.
• Trajectory – path followed by a projectile
Horizontal Motion is Uniform Motion
Notice that the Horizontal motion is in no way affected by the Vertical motion.
Projectile
Horizontal and vertical components of velocity
are independent.
Vertical velocity decreases at a constant rate
due to the influence of gravity.
Verify this mathematically
Horizontal Motion
• Acceleration : ax= 0
Substituting into:
Projection Angle
• The optimal angle of projection is dependent on the
goal of the activity.
• For maximal height the optimal angle is 90o.
• For maximal distance the optimal angle is 45o.
Projection angle = 10 degrees
10 degrees
Projection angle = 45 degrees
10 degrees
30 degrees
40 degrees
45 degrees
Projection angle = 60 degrees
10 degrees
30 degrees
40 degrees
45 degrees
60 degrees
Projection angle = 75 degrees
10 degrees
30 degrees
40 degrees
45 degrees
60 degrees
75 degrees
a) position
x = v0xt = (22.2 m/s)(2.00 s) = 44.4 m
y = v0yt + ½gt2
= (29.6 m/s)(2.00 s) + ½ (-9.80 m/s2)(2.00 s)2
= 39.6 m
Solution (con.)
• Velocity
• vx = v0x = 22.2 m/s
• vy = v0y – gt = 29.6 m/s + ( -9.80 m/s2)(2.00 s) = 10.0 m/s
Solution (cont.)
• b) Find the time when the ball reaches the highest point
of its flight, and find its height H at this point. (-g)
Solution (cont.)
c) Find the horizontal range R, (that is, the horizontal
distance from the starting point to the point at which the
ball hits the ground.) (-g)
25 m/s Horizontally
x = x0 + (v0)x t x = 25 *3.19 = 79.8 m
Initial Conditions
Vertically
vx = 25 m/
s
v = v0-gt
vy0 = 0 m/
s
y = y0 + v0t + 1/2gt2 …. 50 = 0+0+1/2(9.8)t2 … t = 3.19 s
a = 9.8 m/s2
t=0
v2 = v02 - 2g(y-y0)….
y0 = 0 m
y = 50 m
x0 =0 m 79.8 m
Review
• Example 12.11
• Example 12.12
• Example 12.13