ENVIRONMENTAL

CONCERNS IN PAKISTAN
Muhammad Taimoor
Rohan Asif

1
 “
The Earth does not belong to
us: we belong to the Earth.
Marlee Matlin

2
 • Pakistan is facing many environmental
challenges
• Which pose serious threats to human
health and life.
Introduction • First of all, climate change is a non-
traditional threat for Pakistan.
• Pakistan has been declared among top
ten countries most affected by climate
change.

3
 • Climate change is negatively impacting
health, agriculture and overall economy of
the country.
Introduction • The main reasons are carbon emission,
deforestation, population explosion and
lack of finances to mitigate and adapt to
climate change effects.

4
 Environmental
Challenges

Water scarcity Air quality

5
 ◦ Pakistan could "run dry" by 2025 as its water
shortage is reaching an alarming level (UN).
◦ Pakistan ranks third in the world among
countries facing acute water shortage (UN).
WATER ◦ According to the IMF
SCARCITY ◦ Pakistan's per capita annual water availability
is 1,017 cubic metres

◦ Back in 2009, Pakistan's water availability was

about 1,500 cubic metres.

◦ scarcity threshold of 1,000 cubic metres.

6
 ◦ Experts say that population growth and
urbanization are the main reasons behind
the crisis
◦ Pakistan has only 2 major reservoir.
◦ Tarbela
WATER
◦ Mangla
SCARCITY
◦ Pakistan receives around 145 million acre
feet of water every year
◦ only save 13.7 million acre feet.

◦ 29 million acre feet of our floodwater is

wasted because we have few dams.

7
 ◦ In case of drought
◦ Pakistan can save water only for 30 days

◦ India can store water for 190 days

◦ whereas the US can do it for 900 days

Pakistan has an Agro-based economy.
WATER ◦
◦ According to the Pakistan Economic Survey
SCARCITY
◦ The share of agricultural output in the (GDP)
is 26% and employs 42.3% of the labor force.
◦ Nearly 70 percent of the Pakistan’s
population is directly or indirectly associated
with agriculture

8
 ◦ The Pakistan Economic Survey, 2017-2018
◦ Agriculture sector reported “remarkable” growth of 3.81
percent.

◦ This was mainly due to the

◦ Sugarcane 8.65 %

◦ Rice 7.45 %
WATER ◦ In produce a kilo of sugarcane, between 1,500 and 3,000
SCARCITY litres of water are utilised.

◦ Whereas in order to produce a kilo of rice 5000 liters of

water is used.
◦ Pakistan is likely to suffer a shortage of 31 million
acre-feet (MAF) of water by 2025.
◦ The shortfall will be devastating for a country with
an agriculture-based economy.
9
 ◦ Solutions:
◦ Conservation
WATER
◦ Desalination
SCARCITY
◦ Recycling

◦ Innovation

10
 ◦ In a conference by WWF. Experts said that
Pakistan’s air pollution has become a “public
health emergency”
◦ According to the WHO, air pollution is the new
tobacco.
AIR ◦ Smog has grown at alarming level.
QUALITY ◦ The WHO says that some 3 million deaths a year
are linked to exposure to outdoor air pollution.
◦ In 2012, an estimated 6.5 million deaths (11.6 per
cent of all global deaths) were associated with
indoor and outdoor air pollution together.

11
 ◦ Nearly 90 per cent of air-pollution-related deaths
occur in low-and-middle-income countries, with
nearly 2 out of 3 occurring in WHO’s South-East
Asia and Western Pacific regions.
◦ In 2016, Pakistan government didn’t had any
equipment to measure air quality
◦ Omar, young entrepreneur decided to set up his
AIR own air quality monitoring network.
QUALITY

12
13
14
 Traffic Industries

AIR Reasons
QUALITY

Burning of
solid waste

15
 New auto Plant trees
policies

AIR Solutions
QUALITY

Recycle

16
 ◦ https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/418698-
pakistan-third-amongst-countries-facing-
water-shortages
◦ https://www.dawn.com/news/1428966
REFERENCES ◦ https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2018/11/29/la
hore-jumps-to-number-2-in-daily-worlds-
worst-air-quality-rankings/
◦ https://thediplomat.com/2018/08/pakistans-
rising-air-pollution-crisis/

17
THANKS!
Any questions?

18