5.

1 – Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables and Applications

A system of linear equations allows the relationship between two or

more linear equations to be compared and analyzed.
3x  3 y  0
  7
 x  2y  y  x  2
9
 y  7x 1 
  2
y   x  4
 y4  3
 y  2x
 x y 0 
 
2 x  y  10
5.1 – Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables and Applications

Determine whether (3, 9) is a solution of the following system.

5 x  2 y  3

 y  3x
5  3  2  9  3 9  3  3
15 18  3 99
3  3
Both statements are true, therefore (3, 9) is a solution
to the given system of linear equations.
5.1 – Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables and Applications

Solving Systems of Linear Equations by Graphing

 x y 3 y  x 3
 
2 x  y  0  y  2 x

Solution : 1, 2 

1   2  3 2 1   2  0

33 00
 5.1 – Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables and Applications

Solving Systems of Linear Equations by the Addition Method

(Also referred to as the Elimination Method)
 3x  y  1 3x  y  1

4 x  y  6 31  y  1
3x  y  1 3 y 1
4x  y  6  y  2
y2
7x 7
7x  7 Solution
x 1 1,2
 5.1 – Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables and Applications

Solving Systems of Linear Equations by the Addition Method

(Also referred to as the Elimination Method)
5 x  4 y  1
5 x  4 y  1
 1
  5   4 y  1
10 x 2 y 3
5
5 x  4 y  1 1  4 y  1
210 x  2 y  3  4 y  2
5 x  4 y  1 y
1
20 x  4 y  6 2
1 Solution
25x  5 x
5 1 1
 , 
5 2
5.1 – Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables and Applications

Solving Systems of Linear Equations by Substitution

5 x  2 y  3 5 x  2 y  3
 5x  23x   3
 y  3x
5x  6 x  3
 x  3
x 3
y  3x
y  33
y 9
Solution 3,9
5.1 – Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables and Applications

Solving Systems of Linear Equations by Substitution

2 x  y  8 2x  y  8 2x  y  8
 2 3 y  4  y  8  
 x  3 y  4 2 x 0 8
 6y  8  y  8 2x  8
x  3y  4 7y 8  8 x4
x  3 y  4 7y  0 Solution
y0 4,0
5.1 – Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables and Applications
A first number is seven greater than a second number. Twice the
first number is four more than three times the second number.
What are the numbers?
1st number is x, 2nd number is y
x  y7
2x  3y  4
Substitution Method

2 y  7  3 y  4 x  y7
2 y  14  3 y  4 x  10  7 Solution
 2y  4  2y 4 x  17 17, 10 
10  y
5.1 – Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables and Applications
For a particular show the price of an adult ticket is $2.00 and a
child's ticket is $1.50. A total of 300 tickets were sold for $525.
How many adult and children’s tickets were sold?

Tickets Type Price Cost

Adult A $2.00 2A
Child C $1.50 1.5C
Total 300 $525

A  C  300  0.5C  75

2 A  1.5C  525 C  150
Elimination Method A  150  300
 2 A  2C  600 A  150
2 A  1.5C  525 150 Adult tickets
 0.5C  75 150 Children’s tickets
 5.2 – Systems of Linear Equations in Three Variables and Applications
Solve the Systems of Linear Equations
−𝑥 − 5𝑦 + 𝑧 = 17 𝑥 − 2𝑧 = 7
ቐ −5𝑥 − 5𝑦 + 5𝑧 = 5 −1 − 2𝑧 = 7
2𝑥 + 5𝑦 − 3𝑧 = −10
−2𝑧 = 8
−𝑥 − 5𝑦 + 𝑧 = 17
𝑧 = −4
2𝑥 + 5𝑦 − 3𝑧 = −10
𝑥 − 2𝑧 = 7
−𝑥 − 5𝑦 + 𝑧 = 17
−5𝑥 − 5𝑦 + 5𝑧 = 5
− −1 − 5𝑦 − 4 = 17
2𝑥 + 5𝑦 − 3𝑧 = −10
−5𝑦 − 3 = 17
−3𝑥 + 2𝑧 = −5
−5𝑦 = 20
𝑥 − 2𝑧 = 7
𝑦 = −4
−3𝑥 + 2𝑧 = −5
−2𝑥 = 2 𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛:
𝑥 = −1 (−1, −4, −4)
 5.2 – Systems of Linear Equations in Three Variables and Applications
Solve the Systems of Linear Equations
6𝑥 − 𝑦 + 3𝑧 = −9 3𝑥 − 𝑧 = −4
ቐ5𝑥 + 5𝑦 − 5𝑧 = 20 3 −1 − 𝑧 = −4
3𝑥 − 𝑦 + 4𝑧 = −5
−𝑧 = −1
30𝑥 − 5𝑦 + 15𝑧 = −45 𝑧=1
5𝑥 + 5𝑦 − 5𝑧 = 20
35𝑥 + 10𝑧 = −25
6𝑥 − 𝑦 + 3𝑧 = −9
6𝑥 − 𝑦 + 3𝑧 = −9
6 −1 − 𝑦 + 3 1 = −9
−3𝑥 + 𝑦 − 4𝑧 = 5
3𝑥 − 𝑧 = −4 −𝑦 − 3 = −9
−𝑦 = −6
35𝑥 + 10𝑧 = −25
30𝑥 − 10𝑧 = −40 𝑦=6
65𝑥 = −65
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛:
𝑥 = −1
(−1, 6, 1)
5.2 – Systems of Linear Equations in Three Variables and Applications
The value of 12 coins is $1.20. The coin are nickels, dimes and
quarters. The number of dimes is two more than twice the number of
nickels. How many nickels, dimes and quarters are there?
n  d  q  12
Elimination Method
5n  10d  25q  120
−75𝑛 − 25𝑞 = −250
d  2n  2
25𝑛 + 25𝑞 = 100
𝑛 + (2𝑛 + 2) + 𝑞 = 12 −50𝑛 = −150
5𝑛 + 10(2𝑛 + 2) + 25𝑞 = 120 𝑛 = 3 nickels
𝑛 + 2𝑛 + 2 + 𝑞 = 12 𝑑 =2 3 +2
5𝑛 + 20𝑛 + 20 + 25𝑞 = 120 𝑑 = 8 dimes
3𝑛 + 𝑞 = 10 3 + 8 + 𝑞 = 12
25𝑛 + 25𝑞 = 100 𝑞 = 1 quarter