Chapter No:-06

Interfaces
Syllabus

► SCSI
► SCSI cables and connectors , SCSI
Drive Configuration
► IDE
► USB
► RS 232 Interface
► Centro nix Interface
► Fire wire features
Interface

► The interface is nothing but the

connectivity of the devices to the
system.
► The interface mat be serial or
parallel.
► The several types of interface we are
using today are,
► Scsi
► Ide
► Usb
► Rs-232
Scsi

► The scsi is stands for small computer system

interface.
► The scsi is the interface used for connecting and
transferring data between computer and
peripheral devices.
► The scsi is generally used for hard disk and tape
drives, but it can connect a wide range of other
devices including scanner and optical devices
such as CD,DVD
► Scsi is very high speed parallel serial interface
which is used to connect up to 7 devices to the
computer system using only one interface card.
► Scsi is basically a bus into which different
peripherals are connected in daisy chain.
► Each new device is connected at the end of the device in the

chain like configuration .

► Each and every device in the chain has given a
unique identification number called scsi id.

► This number helps the scsi controller to identify

the device during data communication.

► The scsi require a special type of adaptor is

called as scsi adaptor

► There are two categories of scsi cables 50 pin

narrow scsi and 68 pin wide scsi

► The scsi interface are generally used in the

special servers and RISC system
SCSI standards

► There are three different types if scsi standard

scsi-1,scsi-2,scsi-3.

► Scsi-1:-

 8 bit parallel bus.

 5 MHz asynchronous and synchronous
operation
 4 or 5 mbps data transmission speed
 50 pin cable
 Optional bus parity.
Scsi -2

► Fast scsi as compared to scsi -1

► 16 bit parallel bus.

► 10 MHz synchronous and asynchronous operation

► High density

► Command queuing

► New command

► 50 pin cable connector

scsi cables
► The scsi cable refers to a complete cable that include
cables and connectors.
► The scsi cables comes into two varieties
► Internal
► External

► Internal cables:-
 Internal cables connect scsi devices that are inside the
cabinet.
 These cables are totally different in construction and
provide the security against data corruption.
 The internal cables also comes in two varieties
 50 pin narrow scsi cable
 68 pin wide scsi cable.
 Internal scsi cables are mostly simple and cheap than
external one
External scsi

► External scsi cables are used to connect scsi devices

that reside outside the cabinet.

► External scsi cables have their own power supply.

► The external cables are mostly called as shielded

cables because they are made specifically to protect
the data they carry from the outside interference .

► These cables have specific design inn order to ensure

that data traveling on the cables is secured .

► external scsi cables are mostly costlier than internal

one
Scsi connectors
► The scsi connectors are the physical device that
are used to attach scsi cables with the scsi
device.
► There are several different scsi connectors that
are used to construct scsi cables.
IDE
► The ide stands for integrated drive electronics.

► It is also one type of interface used to connect several devices to

the system.

► The ide interface is generally used to connect hard drives ,cd –rom,
cd - writer to the motherboard.

► The overall data communication that that are going through ide is
generally controlled by controller that is ide controller.

► The ide interface was originally developed for connecting the hard
drive to the system, it has involved into universal serial interface
for connecting internal floppy drives , cd-rom drives and even some
tape back up drives.
Difference between scsi and ide
SCSI
The scsi stands for small computer
system interface
It was intended as a universal interface
for many devices; the devices that SCSI
supported included hard drives,
scanners, plotters, disc drives, and many
more
Scsi is very high speed parallel serial
interface which is used to connect up to
7 devices to the computer system using
only one interface card.
SCSI is a smarter bus than IDE
Scsi is costlier then ide
SCSI is faster than IDE
The scsi is generally used for server
system
Ultra320 Scsi 15 000 Rpm., scsi-3 card &
4.5 gb 7200 rpm
ide
The ide stands for integrated drive
electronics
The ide is generally used for hard disk
and tape drives, but it can connect a wide
range of other devices including
scanner and optical devices such as
CD,DVD
you can attach up to 2 hard drives on a
single IDE connectors giving you up to a
maximum of 4 drives attached to the
system.
IDE is a is not even smarter bus than scsi
IDE is cheaper than SCSI
Ide is slower than scsi
Ide is used for the local PC
The RPM o side also ranges from 3600
rpm to 7200 rpm.
USB
► The usb stands for universal serial bus which is a
serial bus standard for interfacing devices.

► The usb is generally plug and play device interface.

► The most important features of usb is that it includes

low consumption device without need for an external
power supply.

► Usb connect the computer peripherals such as mouse,

keyboards ,PDA, joysticks, scanners , digital cameras,
printers

► Usb has an important advantage that it is possible to

install and remove devices without opening the
computer case
Usb features
► Host:-the computer act as the host.
► Multiple devices:-up to 127 devices can be connect to the
host either directly or indirectly(way of usb hub).
► Usb cable length:-the cable length of the usb ranges from 5
meters to 30 meters.
► Data transfer rates:-the data transfer rates of the usb for
 Usb 1.0=12 mbps
 Usb 2.0=480 mbps
► Ease of installation:-a usb cable have two wires for power
and ground so they are very easy for installation.
► Hot plug ability:-it support hot plug ability means that device
can be connected without turning off the pc
► Power saving:-the usb device can be put to sleep by host
computer when computer enters into power saving mode.
► Support wide range of peripherals:-it support wide range of
devices such as keyboard,mouse,scanner,joysticks,printer,
digital cameras, mobile phones etc
 Usb advantages

► Easy installation

► Faster transfer rates

► Simple cabling

► Multiple device connection.

► Usb cables and connectors:-

 Rs 232 interface:-

► The rs 232 is an asynchronous serial communication

method.

► The serial communication means the data is send bit by

bit, means the information is sent one bit at a time.

► The asynchronous transmission means the information

is not send in predefined time slot.

► The data transfer can be start at any time and it is the

task of the receiver to detect when the message
starts and end
► The rs 232 interface uses two devices called as
data terminal equipment(DTE)
data communication equipment(DCE).
► the rs 232 interface is generally used for the
communication between two systems
► The rs 232 interface uses a modem to be connected to
the both transmitter and receiver.

► The modem is termed as dce (data communication

equipment).

► The other devices such as computer terminal or

printer with which modem is interfaced is known as
DTE (data terminal equipment).

► The dte and dce is connected via a interface cable .

► The dte has a 25 pin d-type male connector and the

dce has a 25 pin d-type female connector.

► The rs 232 interface is used for the communication

between two system which are connected in the
network.
 fire wire

► The fire wire is used as a serial interface for a variety of

high speed peripherals including multimedia devices such as
digital video cameras

► The fire wire provides the high speed communication between

the devices .

► Fire wire is also used in wireless ,fiber optic and coaxial

version using isochronous protocol.
 Fire wire features
► Hot plug ability
► Fire wire can connect together up to 63 peripherals.
► It allows peer to peer devices communication ,such
communication between a scanner and printer without using
system memory or the cpu.
► Fire wire also support multiple hosts per bus.
► It is designed to support plug and play hot swapping.
► Cable length is up to 4.5 meters.
► Fire wire 400 can transfer data between devices at 100,200
or 400 mbps. these transfer modes commonly referred as
s100,s200 and s400.
► Snap connection:- no need for device id, jumper, dip switch,
terminator etc.
► Power sourcing .
► Dynamic reconfiguration.